summersummer1 /ˈsʌmə $ -ər/ noun [countable, uncountable] 
1the time of the year when the sun is hottest and the days are longest, between spring and autumn一年中阳光最热、白昼最长的季节，介于春季与秋季之间época del año en que el sol es más intenso y los días son más largos, entre la primavera y el otoñoépoca do ano em que o sol é mais quente e os dias são mais longos, entre a primavera e o outono春と秋の間の、太陽が最も強く照り、昼が最も長い季節봄과 가을 사이로, 햇볕이 가장 강하고 낮이 가장 긴 계절: 
the long hot summer of 19761976年漫长炎热的夏天el largo y caluroso verano de 1976o longo e quente verão de 19761976年の長く暑い夏1976년의 길고 무더운 여름 The children play on the beach during the summer.孩子们夏天在海滩上玩耍。Los niños juegan en la playa durante el verano.As crianças brincam na praia durante o verão.子どもたちは夏の間、浜辺で遊ぶ。아이들은 여름 동안 해변에서 논다.in (the) summer Miriam likes to relax in her garden in summer.Miriam 喜欢夏天在花园里放松。A Miriam le gusta relajarse en su jardín en verano.Miriam gosta de relaxar no seu jardim no verão.Miriam は夏に庭でくつろぐのが好きだ。Miriam은 여름에 정원에서 쉬는 것을 좋아한다.this/next/last summer We’re going to Italy next summer.我们明年夏天要去意大利。El próximo verano vamos a ir a Italia.Vamos para a Itália no próximo verão.私たちは来年の夏にイタリアへ行く予定だ。우리는 다음 여름에 이탈리아에 갈 것이다. a hot summer’s day炎热的夏日un caluroso día de veranoum dia quente de verão暑い夏の一日무더운 여름날 a sunny summer afternoon晴朗的夏日午后una soleada tarde de veranouma tarde de verão ensolarada晴れた夏の午後화창한 여름 오후 a three-week summer vacation三周的暑假unas vacaciones de verano de tres semanasumas férias de verão de três semanas3週間の夏休み3주간의 여름 방학early/late summer The tourist season lasts through late summer.旅游旺季持续到夏末。La temporada turística dura hasta finales del verano.A temporada turística dura até o final do verão.観光シーズンは夏の終わりまで続く。관광 시즌은 늦여름까지 이어진다. Parts of Spain are extremely hot in high summer (=the hottest part of summer).盛夏时节（即夏季最热的时期），西班牙部分地区极为炎热。Algunas partes de España son extremadamente calurosas en pleno verano (=la parte más calurosa del verano).Partes da Espanha ficam extremamente quentes no auge do verão (=a parte mais quente do verão).スペインの一部では、盛夏（＝夏の最も暑い時期）に非常に暑くなる。스페인 일부 지역은 한여름(=여름 중 가장 더운 시기)에 매우 덥다.220/50 etc summers literary文学literarioliterário文語문어체 20, 50 etc years of age20岁、50岁等（岁数）20, 50, etc. años de edad20, 50 etc. anos de idade20歳、50歳など（年齢）20세, 50세 등의 나이: a child of 11 summers一个年方十一岁的孩子un niño de 11 veranosuma criança de 11 verões11の夏を数えた子ども열한 번의 여름을 보낸 아이 → Indian summerGRAMMAR: Patterns with summer语法：summer 的搭配用法GRAMÁTICA: Construcciones con summerGRAMÁTICA: Padrões com summer文法：summer を使った表現パターン문법: summer와 함께 쓰이는 패턴in summer/in the summer• You use in summer or in the summer when saying that something happens at that time: · In summer we get six weeks’ vacation.· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.• 表示某事发生在夏季时，使用 in summer 或 in the summer：· In summer we get six weeks' vacation.（夏天我们有六周假期。）· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.（他夏天做救生员。）• Se usa in summer o in the summer para indicar que algo ocurre en esa época: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (En verano tenemos seis semanas de vacaciones.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (Trabajó de socorrista en el verano.)• Use in summer ou in the summer para dizer que algo acontece nessa época: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (No verão, temos seis semanas de férias.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (Ele trabalhou como salva-vidas no verão.)• 夏に何かが起こることを表すときは in summer または in the summer を使う：· In summer we get six weeks' vacation.（夏は6週間の休暇がある。）· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.（彼は夏にライフガードとして働いた。）• 여름에 어떤 일이 일어난다고 말할 때 in summer 또는 in the summer를 씁니다: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (여름에는 6주간의 휴가가 있다.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (그는 여름에 안전요원으로 일했다.)last summer/this summer etcDon’t use in with these words:以下词语不与 in 连用：No uses in con estas palabras:Não use in com estas palavras:以下の語には in を使わない：다음 단어들과 함께 in을 사용하지 마십시오:• You say last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. ✗Don’t say: We went to Italy in last summer.• 应说 last summer：· We went to Italy last summer.（我们去年夏天去了意大利。）✗ 不要说：We went to Italy in last summer。• Se dice last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. (Fuimos a Italia el verano pasado.) ✗ No digas: We went to Italy in last summer.• Diz-se last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. (Fomos à Itália no verão passado.) ✗ Não diga: We went to Italy in last summer.• last summer と言う：· We went to Italy last summer.（私たちは去年の夏にイタリアへ行った。）✗「We went to Italy in last summer」とは言わない。• last summer라고 합니다: · We went to Italy last summer. (우리는 지난여름에 이탈리아에 갔다.) ✗ "We went to Italy in last summer"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? ✗Don’t say: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• 应说 this summer：· Do you plan to travel this summer?（你今年夏天打算旅行吗？）✗ 不要说：Do you plan to travel in this summer?• Se dice this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (¿Planeas viajar este verano?) ✗ No digas: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• Diz-se this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (Você planeja viajar neste verão?) ✗ Não diga: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• this summer と言う：· Do you plan to travel this summer?（あなたは今年の夏に旅行する予定ですか？）✗「Do you plan to travel in this summer?」とは言わない。• this summer라고 합니다: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (이번 여름에 여행할 계획이 있나요?) ✗ "Do you plan to travel in this summer?"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say next summer: · We will graduate next summer. ✗Don’t say: We will graduate in next summer.• 应说 next summer：· We will graduate next summer.（我们明年夏天毕业。）✗ 不要说：We will graduate in next summer。• Se dice next summer: · We will graduate next summer. (Nos graduaremos el próximo verano.) ✗ No digas: We will graduate in next summer.• Diz-se next summer: · We will graduate next summer. (Vamos nos formar no próximo verão.) ✗ Não diga: We will graduate in next summer.• next summer と言う：· We will graduate next summer.（私たちは来年の夏に卒業する。）✗「We will graduate in next summer」とは言わない。• next summer라고 합니다: · We will graduate next summer. (우리는 다음 여름에 졸업할 것이다.) ✗ "We will graduate in next summer"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. ✗Don’t say: In that summer she met Jeff.• 应说 that summer：· That summer she met Jeff.（那年夏天她遇见了 Jeff。）✗ 不要说：In that summer she met Jeff。• Se dice that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. (Ese verano ella conoció a Jeff.) ✗ No digas: In that summer she met Jeff.• Diz-se that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. (Naquele verão ela conheceu Jeff.) ✗ Não diga: In that summer she met Jeff.• that summer と言う：· That summer she met Jeff.（あの夏、彼女は Jeff と出会った。）✗「In that summer she met Jeff」とは言わない。• that summer라고 합니다: · That summer she met Jeff. (그 여름 그녀는 Jeff를 만났다.) ✗ "In that summer she met Jeff"라고 하지 마십시오.COLLOCATIONS词语搭配COLOCACIONESCOLOCAÇÕESコロケーション연어adjectives形容词adjetivosadjetivos形容詞형용사hot· It had been a long hot summer.那是一个漫长炎热的夏天。Había sido un verano largo y caluroso.Tinha sido um verão longo e quente.それは長く暑い夏だった。길고 무더운 여름이었다.dry/wet· We’ve had a very dry summer.今年夏天十分干旱。Hemos tenido un verano muy seco.Tivemos um verão muito seco.今年の夏はとても乾燥していた。우리는 매우 건조한 여름을 보냈다.high summer (=the middle of summer)· In high summer, food was plentiful.盛夏时节，食物十分充足。En pleno verano, había abundancia de alimentos.No auge do verão, havia fartura de alimentos.盛夏には食べ物が豊富だった。한여름에는 먹을 것이 풍족했다.early/late summer· In the late summer of 1931, Joe returned to Oxford.1931年夏末，Joe 回到了牛津。A finales del verano de 1931, Joe regresó a Oxford.No final do verão de 1931, Joe voltou para Oxford.1931年の夏の終わりに、Joe はオックスフォードに戻った。1931년 늦여름에 Joe는 옥스퍼드로 돌아왔다.last/next summer· He visited Brittany last summer.他去年夏天游览了布列塔尼。El verano pasado visitó Bretaña.No verão passado, ele visitou a Bretanha.彼は去年の夏にブルターニュを訪れた。그는 지난여름에 브르타뉴를 방문했다.summer + NOUNsummer + 名词summer + SUSTANTIVOsummer + SUBSTANTIVOsummer ＋ 名詞summer + 명사a summer holiday British English, a summer vacation American English· Where are you going for your summer holiday?你暑假打算去哪里？¿Adónde vas a ir de vacaciones de verano?Para onde você vai nas férias de verão?夏休みはどこへ行くのですか？여름 휴가로 어디에 가나요?a summer’s day/evening (also a summer day/evening)· It was a beautiful summer’s day.那是美丽的夏日。Era un hermoso día de verano.Era um lindo dia de verão.それは美しい夏の一日だった。아름다운 여름날이었다.the summer months· The garden is open daily in the summer months.花园在夏季每天开放。El jardín está abierto todos los días durante los meses de verano.O jardim fica aberto todos os dias nos meses de verão.庭園は夏の期間中、毎日開園している。정원은 여름 달에는 매일 개방된다.the summer season· The resort was crammed with holidaymakers for the whole of the summer season.整个夏季，这处度假胜地挤满了度假者。El complejo turístico estuvo abarrotado de turistas durante toda la temporada de verano.O resort ficou lotado de turistas durante toda a temporada de verão.そのリゾートは夏のシーズン中ずっと行楽客でごった返していた。그 리조트는 여름 시즌 내내 휴가객들로 가득 찼다.the summer heat· Crowds of shoppers are sweltering in the summer heat.大批购物者在夏日酷暑中热得难受。Multitudes de compradores se sofocan con el calor del verano.Multidões de compradores estão se sufocando com o calor do verão.大勢の買い物客が夏の熱気の中で汗だくになっている。수많은 쇼핑객들이 여름 더위에 땀을 흘리고 있다.the summer sun· They lay on the beach, soaking up the summer sun.他们躺在沙滩上，尽情沐浴夏日阳光。Estaban tumbados en la playa, disfrutando del sol de verano.Eles estavam deitados na praia, aproveitando o sol do verão.彼らは浜辺に横になって、夏の日差しを存分に浴びていた。그들은 해변에 누워 여름 햇살을 흠뻑 즐겼다.phrases短语fraseslocuçõesフレーズ구in/at the height of summer (=in the middle of summer)· Even in the height of summer, it’s cool in here.即使在盛夏，这里面也十分凉爽。Incluso en pleno verano, aquí dentro se está fresco.Mesmo no auge do verão, aqui dentro está fresco.真夏でも、ここの中は涼しい。한여름에도 이곳 안은 시원하다.
1the time of the year when the sun is hottest and the days are longest, between spring and autumn一年中阳光最热、白昼最长的季节，介于春季与秋季之间época del año en que el sol es más intenso y los días son más largos, entre la primavera y el otoñoépoca do ano em que o sol é mais quente e os dias são mais longos, entre a primavera e o outono春と秋の間の、太陽が最も強く照り、昼が最も長い季節봄과 가을 사이로, 햇볕이 가장 강하고 낮이 가장 긴 계절: the long hot summer of 19761976年漫长炎热的夏天el largo y caluroso verano de 1976o longo e quente verão de 19761976年の長く暑い夏1976년의 길고 무더운 여름 The children play on the beach during the summer.孩子们夏天在海滩上玩耍。Los niños juegan en la playa durante el verano.As crianças brincam na praia durante o verão.子どもたちは夏の間、浜辺で遊ぶ。아이들은 여름 동안 해변에서 논다.in (the) summer Miriam likes to relax in her garden in summer.Miriam 喜欢夏天在花园里放松。A Miriam le gusta relajarse en su jardín en verano.Miriam gosta de relaxar no seu jardim no verão.Miriam は夏に庭でくつろぐのが好きだ。Miriam은 여름에 정원에서 쉬는 것을 좋아한다.this/next/last summer We’re going to Italy next summer.我们明年夏天要去意大利。El próximo verano vamos a ir a Italia.Vamos para a Itália no próximo verão.私たちは来年の夏にイタリアへ行く予定だ。우리는 다음 여름에 이탈리아에 갈 것이다. a hot summer’s day炎热的夏日un caluroso día de veranoum dia quente de verão暑い夏の一日무더운 여름날 a sunny summer afternoon晴朗的夏日午后una soleada tarde de veranouma tarde de verão ensolarada晴れた夏の午後화창한 여름 오후 a three-week summer vacation三周的暑假unas vacaciones de verano de tres semanasumas férias de verão de três semanas3週間の夏休み3주간의 여름 방학early/late summer The tourist season lasts through late summer.旅游旺季持续到夏末。La temporada turística dura hasta finales del verano.A temporada turística dura até o final do verão.観光シーズンは夏の終わりまで続く。관광 시즌은 늦여름까지 이어진다. Parts of Spain are extremely hot in high summer (=the hottest part of summer).盛夏时节（即夏季最热的时期），西班牙部分地区极为炎热。Algunas partes de España son extremadamente calurosas en pleno verano (=la parte más calurosa del verano).Partes da Espanha ficam extremamente quentes no auge do verão (=a parte mais quente do verão).スペインの一部では、盛夏（＝夏の最も暑い時期）に非常に暑くなる。스페인 일부 지역은 한여름(=여름 중 가장 더운 시기)에 매우 덥다.220/50 etc summers literary文学literarioliterário文語문어체 20, 50 etc years of age20岁、50岁等（岁数）20, 50, etc. años de edad20, 50 etc. anos de idade20歳、50歳など（年齢）20세, 50세 등의 나이: a child of 11 summers一个年方十一岁的孩子un niño de 11 veranosuma criança de 11 verões11の夏を数えた子ども열한 번의 여름을 보낸 아이 → Indian summerGRAMMAR: Patterns with summer语法：summer 的搭配用法GRAMÁTICA: Construcciones con summerGRAMÁTICA: Padrões com summer文法：summer を使った表現パターン문법: summer와 함께 쓰이는 패턴in summer/in the summer• You use in summer or in the summer when saying that something happens at that time: · In summer we get six weeks’ vacation.· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.• 表示某事发生在夏季时，使用 in summer 或 in the summer：· In summer we get six weeks' vacation.（夏天我们有六周假期。）· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.（他夏天做救生员。）• Se usa in summer o in the summer para indicar que algo ocurre en esa época: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (En verano tenemos seis semanas de vacaciones.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (Trabajó de socorrista en el verano.)• Use in summer ou in the summer para dizer que algo acontece nessa época: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (No verão, temos seis semanas de férias.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (Ele trabalhou como salva-vidas no verão.)• 夏に何かが起こることを表すときは in summer または in the summer を使う：· In summer we get six weeks' vacation.（夏は6週間の休暇がある。）· He worked as a lifeguard in the summer.（彼は夏にライフガードとして働いた。）• 여름에 어떤 일이 일어난다고 말할 때 in summer 또는 in the summer를 씁니다: · In summer we get six weeks' vacation. (여름에는 6주간의 휴가가 있다.) · He worked as a lifeguard in the summer. (그는 여름에 안전요원으로 일했다.)last summer/this summer etcDon’t use in with these words:以下词语不与 in 连用：No uses in con estas palabras:Não use in com estas palavras:以下の語には in を使わない：다음 단어들과 함께 in을 사용하지 마십시오:• You say last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. ✗Don’t say: We went to Italy in last summer.• 应说 last summer：· We went to Italy last summer.（我们去年夏天去了意大利。）✗ 不要说：We went to Italy in last summer。• Se dice last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. (Fuimos a Italia el verano pasado.) ✗ No digas: We went to Italy in last summer.• Diz-se last summer: · We went to Italy last summer. (Fomos à Itália no verão passado.) ✗ Não diga: We went to Italy in last summer.• last summer と言う：· We went to Italy last summer.（私たちは去年の夏にイタリアへ行った。）✗「We went to Italy in last summer」とは言わない。• last summer라고 합니다: · We went to Italy last summer. (우리는 지난여름에 이탈리아에 갔다.) ✗ "We went to Italy in last summer"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? ✗Don’t say: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• 应说 this summer：· Do you plan to travel this summer?（你今年夏天打算旅行吗？）✗ 不要说：Do you plan to travel in this summer?• Se dice this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (¿Planeas viajar este verano?) ✗ No digas: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• Diz-se this summer: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (Você planeja viajar neste verão?) ✗ Não diga: Do you plan to travel in this summer?• this summer と言う：· Do you plan to travel this summer?（あなたは今年の夏に旅行する予定ですか？）✗「Do you plan to travel in this summer?」とは言わない。• this summer라고 합니다: · Do you plan to travel this summer? (이번 여름에 여행할 계획이 있나요?) ✗ "Do you plan to travel in this summer?"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say next summer: · We will graduate next summer. ✗Don’t say: We will graduate in next summer.• 应说 next summer：· We will graduate next summer.（我们明年夏天毕业。）✗ 不要说：We will graduate in next summer。• Se dice next summer: · We will graduate next summer. (Nos graduaremos el próximo verano.) ✗ No digas: We will graduate in next summer.• Diz-se next summer: · We will graduate next summer. (Vamos nos formar no próximo verão.) ✗ Não diga: We will graduate in next summer.• next summer と言う：· We will graduate next summer.（私たちは来年の夏に卒業する。）✗「We will graduate in next summer」とは言わない。• next summer라고 합니다: · We will graduate next summer. (우리는 다음 여름에 졸업할 것이다.) ✗ "We will graduate in next summer"라고 하지 마십시오.• You say that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. ✗Don’t say: In that summer she met Jeff.• 应说 that summer：· That summer she met Jeff.（那年夏天她遇见了 Jeff。）✗ 不要说：In that summer she met Jeff。• Se dice that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. (Ese verano ella conoció a Jeff.) ✗ No digas: In that summer she met Jeff.• Diz-se that summer: · That summer she met Jeff. (Naquele verão ela conheceu Jeff.) ✗ Não diga: In that summer she met Jeff.• that summer と言う：· That summer she met Jeff.（あの夏、彼女は Jeff と出会った。）✗「In that summer she met Jeff」とは言わない。• that summer라고 합니다: · That summer she met Jeff. (그 여름 그녀는 Jeff를 만났다.) ✗ "In that summer she met Jeff"라고 하지 마십시오.COLLOCATIONS词语搭配COLOCACIONESCOLOCAÇÕESコロケーション연어adjectives形容词adjetivosadjetivos形容詞형용사hot· It had been a long hot summer.那是一个漫长炎热的夏天。Había sido un verano largo y caluroso.Tinha sido um verão longo e quente.それは長く暑い夏だった。길고 무더운 여름이었다.dry/wet· We’ve had a very dry summer.今年夏天十分干旱。Hemos tenido un verano muy seco.Tivemos um verão muito seco.今年の夏はとても乾燥していた。우리는 매우 건조한 여름을 보냈다.high summer (=the middle of summer)· In high summer, food was plentiful.盛夏时节，食物十分充足。En pleno verano, había abundancia de alimentos.No auge do verão, havia fartura de alimentos.盛夏には食べ物が豊富だった。한여름에는 먹을 것이 풍족했다.early/late summer· In the late summer of 1931, Joe returned to Oxford.1931年夏末，Joe 回到了牛津。A finales del verano de 1931, Joe regresó a Oxford.No final do verão de 1931, Joe voltou para Oxford.1931年の夏の終わりに、Joe はオックスフォードに戻った。1931년 늦여름에 Joe는 옥스퍼드로 돌아왔다.last/next summer· He visited Brittany last summer.他去年夏天游览了布列塔尼。El verano pasado visitó Bretaña.No verão passado, ele visitou a Bretanha.彼は去年の夏にブルターニュを訪れた。그는 지난여름에 브르타뉴를 방문했다.summer + NOUNsummer + 名词summer + SUSTANTIVOsummer + SUBSTANTIVOsummer ＋ 名詞summer + 명사a summer holiday British English, a summer vacation American English· Where are you going for your summer holiday?你暑假打算去哪里？¿Adónde vas a ir de vacaciones de verano?Para onde você vai nas férias de verão?夏休みはどこへ行くのですか？여름 휴가로 어디에 가나요?a summer’s day/evening (also a summer day/evening)· It was a beautiful summer’s day.那是美丽的夏日。Era un hermoso día de verano.Era um lindo dia de verão.それは美しい夏の一日だった。아름다운 여름날이었다.the summer months· The garden is open daily in the summer months.花园在夏季每天开放。El jardín está abierto todos los días durante los meses de verano.O jardim fica aberto todos os dias nos meses de verão.庭園は夏の期間中、毎日開園している。정원은 여름 달에는 매일 개방된다.the summer season· The resort was crammed with holidaymakers for the whole of the summer season.整个夏季，这处度假胜地挤满了度假者。El complejo turístico estuvo abarrotado de turistas durante toda la temporada de verano.O resort ficou lotado de turistas durante toda a temporada de verão.そのリゾートは夏のシーズン中ずっと行楽客でごった返していた。그 리조트는 여름 시즌 내내 휴가객들로 가득 찼다.the summer heat· Crowds of shoppers are sweltering in the summer heat.大批购物者在夏日酷暑中热得难受。Multitudes de compradores se sofocan con el calor del verano.Multidões de compradores estão se sufocando com o calor do verão.大勢の買い物客が夏の熱気の中で汗だくになっている。수많은 쇼핑객들이 여름 더위에 땀을 흘리고 있다.the summer sun· They lay on the beach, soaking up the summer sun.他们躺在沙滩上，尽情沐浴夏日阳光。Estaban tumbados en la playa, disfrutando del sol de verano.Eles estavam deitados na praia, aproveitando o sol do verão.彼らは浜辺に横になって、夏の日差しを存分に浴びていた。그들은 해변에 누워 여름 햇살을 흠뻑 즐겼다.phrases短语fraseslocuçõesフレーズ구in/at the height of summer (=in the middle of summer)· Even in the height of summer, it’s cool in here.即使在盛夏，这里面也十分凉爽。Incluso en pleno verano, aquí dentro se está fresco.Mesmo no auge do verão, aqui dentro está fresco.真夏でも、ここの中は涼しい。한여름에도 이곳 안은 시원하다.