PolyDict.cc

    force の英語での意味

    forceforce1 /fɔːs $ fɔːrs/ noun すべての翻訳を見る1military a)[countable usually plural] a group of people who have been trained to do military work for a government or other organization政府や他の組織のために軍事的な仕事をするよう訓練された人々の集団;軍隊government/military/defence etc forces The riots were suppressed by government forces.暴動は政府軍によって鎮圧された。 He strengthened US forces in the Gulf.彼は湾岸における米軍を増強した。 a plan to disarm the rebel forces (=those fighting against the government)反乱軍(=政府に反抗して戦う勢力)を武装解除する計画 b)the forces British English the army, navy, and air force陸軍、海軍、空軍in the forces Both her sons are in the forces.彼女の息子は二人とも軍に入っている。 c)nuclear/conventional forces nuclear weapons or ordinary weapons核兵器または通常兵器:  short-range nuclear forces短距離核戦力 air force, armed forces, ground forces, → peacekeeping force at peacekeeping, → security forces at security(1), task force(2)2military action [uncountable] military action used as a way of achieving your aims目的を達成するための手段として用いられる軍事行動;武力:  Peace cannot be imposed by force.平和は武力によって強制することはできない。 The UN will allow the use of force against aircraft violating the zone.国連は、当該区域を侵犯した航空機に対する武力行使を認める。3violence [uncountable] violent physical action used to get what you want望むものを得るために用いられる暴力的な身体的行為;実力行使;暴力:  The police used force to overpower the demonstrators.警察は実力を行使してデモ参加者を制圧した。by force In the end he had to be thrown out of the house by force.結局、彼は力ずくで家から追い出されるはめになった。 They kicked the door down using sheer brute force.彼らは純粋な腕力だけでドアを蹴り倒した。4physical power [uncountable] the amount of physical power with which something moves or hits another thing何かが動いたり別のものにぶつかったりする際の物理的な力の大きさ;衝撃力strengthforce of The force of the explosion blew out all the windows.爆発の衝撃で窓がすべて吹き飛んだ。with great/considerable/increasing etc force He raised his hand and struck her with terrifying force.彼は手を上げ、恐ろしい力で彼女を殴った。5natural power [countable, uncountable] a natural power or event自然の力または自然現象:  the force of gravity重力 powerful natural forces such as earthquakes, floods, and drought地震・洪水・干ばつなどの強力な自然の力 the forces of nature自然の力6organized group [countable usually singular] a group of people who have been trained and organized to do a particular job特定の仕事をするために訓練・組織された人々の集団;部隊;人員:  the company’s sales force会社の営業部隊 the quality of the teaching force教員集団の質 police force7strong influence [countable] something or someone who is powerful and has a lot of influence on the way things happen物事の成り行きに強い影響力を持つ人や物;勢力;力the driving force (behind something/somebody) (=the person or thing that makes something happen)(=何かを引き起こす人や物) Betty Coward was the driving force behind the project.Betty Cowardはそのプロジェクトの推進力だった。a force for change/peace/democracy etc (=someone or something that makes change, peace etc more likely to happen)(=変化や平和などをより実現しやすくする人や物) Healthy competition is a force for innovation.健全な競争はイノベーションの原動力となる。 He’s a quick and decisive player – a force to be reckoned with (=a person, team, company etc that influences what happens).彼は素早く決断力のある選手で、無視できない存在(=何が起こるかに影響を与える人物・チーム・企業など)だ。 The fall in prices was due to forces beyond their control.価格の下落は、彼らには制御できない力によるものだった。 market forces8powerful effect [uncountable] the powerful effect that something has on you何かが人に与える強烈な影響;迫力;説得力:  Even after 30 years, the play has lost none of its force.30年経った今でも、その戯曲は少しも力を失っていない。 the force of his personality彼の個性の力9join/combine forces (with somebody/something) to work together so that you can deal with a problem, be more powerful etc問題に対処したり力を増したりするために協力する;力を合わせるjoin forces to do something Local schools have joined forces with each other to share facilities.地元の学校が互いに協力して施設を共有している。10in force a)if a law, rule etc is in force, it already exists法律・規則などが施行中(in force)であれば、すでに存在し有効である:  The trade embargo has been in force for a year.貿易禁輸措置は1年間施行されている。 b)in a large group, especially in order to protest about something大勢で、特に何かに抗議するために SYN  in large numbers:  Villagers turned out in force to protest about the new road.村人たちは新しい道路に反対するために大勢で集まった。11come into force/bring something into force if a new law, rule, change etc comes or is brought into force, it starts to exist新しい法律・規則・変更などが施行される(come/be brought into force)と、それが効力を持ち始める:  Parking restrictions in the town centre came into force last month.市内中心部の駐車制限は先月施行された。12by/through/out of force of habit because you have always done a particular thing and it is difficult to changeずっとそうしてきたために変えにくいから;習慣の力で:  I get up at 6 o'clock every day out of force of habit.私は毎日6時に起きるが、これは習慣の力によるものだ。13by/through force of circumstance(s) British English if something happens by force of circumstance, events outside your control make it happen「情勢の力で(by force of circumstance)」何かが起こる場合、自分の制御外の出来事がそれを引き起こす14wind a)force 8/9/10 etc a unit for measuring the strength of the wind風の強さを測る単位 b)gale/hurricane force wind extremely strong wind that does a lot of damage甚大な被害をもたらす非常に強い風;暴風15police the force a word meaning the police force, used especially by police officers警察(police force)を指す語で、特に警察官が使う16the forces of good/evil etc literary文語 people or things that increase the amount of good or bad in the world世界における善や悪を増大させる人や物:  the battle against the forces of evil悪の勢力との戦い labour force, tour de force, workforceCOLLOCATIONSコロケーションADJECTIVES/NOUN + forces形容詞・名詞 + forcesthe armed forces (=a country’s military organizations, including the army, navy, and air force)· Israel refused to withdraw its armed forces from the area.・イスラエルは当該地域から武装部隊を撤退させることを拒否した。American/British/French etc forces· Several battles took place involving American forces.・米軍が関与する数回の戦闘が起きた。government forces (=soldiers fighting for the government)· Government forces reportedly shot dead 300 unarmed civilians.・政府軍は非武装の民間人300人を射殺したと伝えられている。security forces (=who protect a country against people who are fighting the government)· The government claimed that the security forces had destroyed the rebels’ headquarters.・政府は、治安部隊が反乱軍の本部を壊滅させたと主張した。rebel forces (=who are fighting against the government)· The village was attacked by rebel forces.・その村は反乱軍に攻撃された。military forces· He served with the military forces during the war.・彼は戦争中に軍に従軍した。a defence force· Should the European Union have its own defence force?・欧州連合は独自の防衛力を持つべきか?enemy forces· Enemy forces now occupy substantial areas of the city.・敵軍は現在、市内の広大な地域を占領している。a peacekeeping force· A large UN peacekeeping force is being assembled.・大規模な国連平和維持部隊が編成されつつある。special forces (=who are specially trained to fight against guerilla or terrorist groups)· Special forces were employed to support the local army.・特殊部隊が現地の軍を支援するために投入された。phrasesフレーズbe in the forces· Her husband is in the forces.・彼女の夫は軍に所属している。verbs動詞join the forces (=become a soldier, sailor etc)· He was too young to join the forces when the war broke out.・戦争が勃発したとき、彼はまだ軍に入隊するには若すぎた。withdraw your forces· Expecting the Allies to attack again, he began to withdraw his forces eastward.・連合軍が再び攻撃してくることを予想し、彼は東方への撤退を開始した。
    forceforce2 verb [transitive] 1make somebody do something to make someone do something they do not want to do人が望まないことをさせる;強いる;強制するpersuadeforce somebody to do something Government troops have forced the rebels to surrender.政府軍は反乱軍を降伏させた。 Due to the high cost of borrowing, many companies have been forced to close.高い借入コストのため、多くの企業が閉鎖を余儀なくされている。force yourself to do something I had to force myself to get up this morning.今朝は自分を無理やり起こさなければならなかった。force somebody/something into (doing) something women who are forced into arranged marriages強制的に見合い結婚をさせられる女性たち Bad health forced him into taking early retirement.健康状態の悪化により、彼は早期退職を余儀なくされた。2make somebody/something move [always + adverb/preposition] to make someone or something move in a particular direction or into a different position, especially through or using great strength特に強大な力を用いて、人や物を特定の方向に動かしたり別の位置に変えたりする;力ずくで動かす SYN  push:  Strong winds forced the ship off course.強風により、船は航路から外れた。 Firemen tried to enter the building, but were forced back by the flames.消防士たちは建物に入ろうとしたが、炎に阻まれて後退を余儀なくされた。 She tried to keep the door shut but the man forced it open.彼女はドアを閉めておこうとしたが、男が力ずくでこじ開けた。3force your way through/into etc something (also force your way in/out/past etc) to push very hard in order to get somewhereどこかへ行くために力いっぱい押し進む;強引に進む:  The doctor forced his way through the crowd.医者は群衆をかき分けて進んだ。 Demonstrators forced their way past.デモ参加者たちは強引に押し通った。4make something happen to make something happen or change, especially more quickly than planned or expected特に計画や予想より早く物事を起こしたり変化させたりする;促進する;強引に進める:  the unfortunate events that forced his resignation彼の辞任を強いることになった不幸な出来事 We need to force the pace on alternative energy policies.代替エネルギー政策のペースを加速させる必要がある。force prices/interest rates etc down/up The effect will be to increase unemployment and force down wages.その影響は失業の増加と賃金の引き下げをもたらすことになる。5 force a door/lock/window to open a door etc using physical strength, often causing damageしばしば損傷を伴いながら、物理的な力でドアなどをこじ開ける:  I forced the lock on the cupboard to see what was inside.中に何があるかを確認しようと、食器棚の錠をこじ開けた。6force the issue to do something that makes it necessary for someone to make decisions or take action, instead of waiting to see what happens様子を見て待つのではなく、誰かが決断や行動を迫られるようなことをする;事態を決着させる:  Polly decided to force the issue by demanding an explanation.Pollyは説明を求めることで問題の決着を迫ることにした。7force somebody’s hand to make someone do something unwillingly or earlier than they had intended誰かを不本意に、あるいは意図より早くそれをするよう強いる;相手を追い詰める:  They’re reluctant to sell the house yet but the right offer could force their hand.彼らはまだ家を売ることに乗り気ではないが、適切なオファーがあれば行動を迫られるかもしれない。8force a smile/laugh etc to make yourself smile, laugh etc even though you feel upset or annoyed動揺したり苛立っていても、無理に笑顔を作ったり笑ったりする;無理に笑うGRAMMAR: Comparison文法:比較forceYou force someone to do something: · The robbers forced him to hand over the money.• force someone to do something(人に~することを強いる):・強盗は彼に金を差し出させた。Force is often used in the passive: · The minister was forced to resign because of the scandal.• forceはしばしば受動態で用いられる:・大臣はスキャンダルのために辞任を余儀なくされた。makeYou make someone do something: · The robbers made him hand over the money. Don’t say: make someone to do something• make someone do something(人に~させる):・強盗は彼に金を差し出させた。✗「make someone to do something」とは言わないcompelYou compel someone to do something: · The court can compel witnesses to give evidence.• compel someone to do something(人に~することを強制する):・裁判所は証人に証拠を提出させることができる。Compel is very often used in the passive: · He became seriously ill and was compelled to retire two years later.• compelはとても頻繁に受動態で用いられる:・彼は重病になり、2年後に退職を余儀なくされた。obligeYou say that someone is obliged to do something. Oblige is almost always used in the passive: · Hotels are obliged by law to install smoke alarms.• someone is obliged to do something(~する義務がある)と言う。obligeはほぼ常に受動態で用いられる:・ホテルは法律により煙感知器を設置する義務がある。THESAURUS類義語force to make someone do something they do not want to do. Used when people or situations make you do something人が望まないことをさせる。人や状況が何かをせざるをえなくさせるときに使う: · They were beaten and forced to confess to crimes they had not committed.・彼らは暴行を受け、犯してもいない犯罪を自白させられた。· The drought forced millions of farmers to sell their cattle.・干ばつにより、数百万人の農民が家畜を売ることを余儀なくされた。make to force someone to do something by using pressure, threats, or violence. Make somebody do something is more common than force somebody to do something in everyday English圧力・脅し・暴力を用いて人に何かをさせる。日常英語ではforce somebody to do somethingよりもmake somebody do somethingの方が一般的: · Her parents disapproved of Alex and they made her stop seeing him.・彼女の両親はAlexのことを好意的に思っておらず、彼女に彼との交際をやめさせた。· Two men with guns made the staff hand over the money.・銃を持った2人の男が従業員に金を差し出させた。pressure (also pressurize British English) to try to force someone to do something by making them feel that they should do it何かをすべきだと感じさせることで、人にそれをさせようとする;圧力をかける: · Some employers pressure their staff into working very long hours.・従業員に非常に長時間働くよう圧力をかける雇用主もいる。· She felt they were trying to pressurize her into getting married.・彼らが結婚するよう自分に圧力をかけていると彼女は感じた。blackmail to force someone to give you money or do what you want by threatening to tell embarrassing secrets about them恥ずかしい秘密を暴露すると脅して、金を出させたり望み通りにさせたりする;恐喝する;ゆすりをかける: · She tried to blackmail him with photographs of them together at the hotel.・彼女はホテルで二人が一緒にいる写真を使って彼を脅迫しようとした。compel formalフォーマル to force someone to do something using official power or authority. Also used when someone has to do something because of their situation公的な権力や権威を用いて人に何かをさせる。また、状況のために何かをせざるをえないときにも使う: · The town was surrounded and compelled to surrender.・その町は包囲され、降伏を余儀なくされた。· I felt compelled to offer them some kind of explanation.・私は何らかの説明をしなければならないと感じた。· You are compelled by law to carry an ID card.・あなたは法律により身分証明書の携帯が義務付けられている。coerce /kəʊˈɜːs $ ˈkoʊɜːrs/ formalフォーマル to force someone to do something by threatening them脅して人に何かをさせる;脅迫する;強要する: · Local people were coerced into joining the rebel army.・地元の人々は反乱軍への参加を強制された。be obliged to do something formalフォーマル if someone is obliged to do something, they must do it because it is the law or the rule, or because of the situation they are insomeone is obliged to do somethingは、法律・規則、または置かれている状況のためにそれをしなければならないことを意味する: · You are not obliged to say anything which may harm your defence in court.・法廷での弁護に不利になるようなことを言う義務はない。· They were obliged to sell the land.・彼らはその土地を売ることを余儀なくされた。force something ↔ back phrasal verb to stop yourself from showing that you are upset or frightened, especially with difficulty(特に苦労して)動揺や恐怖を表に出さないようにこらえる:  Janet forced back her tears.Janetは涙をこらえた。force something ↔ down phrasal verb1to make yourself eat or drink something, although you do not want it食べたくも飲みたくもないのに無理に食べたり飲んだりする;無理やり飲み込む:  I forced down a piece of stale bread.古くなったパンを一切れ無理やり飲み込んだ。2to make a plane land by threatening to attack it攻撃すると脅して飛行機を着陸させる;強制着陸させる:  The hijacked plane was forced down by military jets.ハイジャックされた飛行機は軍用ジェット機によって強制着陸させられた。force something on/upon somebody phrasal verb to make someone do or accept something even though they do not want to望まなくても人に何かをさせたり受け入れさせたりする;押しつける:  It’s no good trying to force a diet on someone.人に無理やりダイエットを押しつけようとしても意味がない。 people who try to force their own views on you自分の意見を押しつけようとする人たちforce something ↔ out of somebody phrasal verb to make someone tell you something by asking them many times, threatening them etc何度も尋ねたり脅したりして人に何かを言わせる;聞き出す;吐き出させる:  I wasn’t going to tell Matt but he forced it out of me.Mattには言うつもりはなかったが、彼に無理やり言わせられてしまった。