Significado de must en inglés
mustmust1 /məst; strong mʌst/ modal verb (negative short form mustn’t) 
Ver todas las traducciones1 (past tense had to) to have to do something because it is necessary or important, or because of a law or ordertener que hacer algo porque es necesario o importante, o por una ley u orden: 
All passengers must wear seat belts.Todos los pasajeros deben llevar el cinturón de seguridad. It’s getting late. I really must go.Se está haciendo tarde. De verdad debo irme. You must work hard.Debes trabajar duro. We must all be patient.Todos debemos ser pacientes. Must I pay now?¿Debo pagar ahora? For the engine to work, the green lever must be in the ‘up’ position.Para que el motor funcione, la palanca verde debe estar en la posición «arriba». Accidents must be reported to the safety officer.Los accidentes deben comunicarse al responsable de seguridad.RegisterRegistroIn everyday English, people usually say someone has to or has got to do something rather than say they must do something, which can sound slightly formal or emphatic:· Everyone has to wear a seat belt.· I‘ve got to go at four o’clock.· Do I have to pay now?En el inglés cotidiano, la gente suele decir que alguien has to o has got to hacer algo, en lugar de must, ya que must puede sonar un poco formal o enfático:· Everyone has to wear a seat belt.· I've got to go at four o'clock.· Do I have to pay now?2used in negative sentences to say that something should not happen, because of a rule or law or because of the situationse usa en oraciones negativas para indicar que algo no debe ocurrir, por una regla, ley o por la situación: You mustn’t talk to your mother like that.No debes hablarle así a tu madre. This book must not be removed from the library.Este libro no debe sacarse de la biblioteca. We must never forget how much we owe to these brave men.Nunca debemos olvidar cuánto les debemos a estos valientes hombres. No one must disturb him while he’s sleeping.Nadie debe molestarlo mientras duerme.3used to say you think something is very likely to be true or very likely to have happenedse usa para indicar que algo es muy probable que sea verdad o que haya ocurrido: Sam must be nearly 90 years old now.Sam debe de tener casi 90 años ahora. His new car must have cost around £20,000.Su coche nuevo debe de haber costado alrededor de 20 000 libras. You must have been really upset.Debes de haber estado muy disgustado. There must be something wrong with the engine.Debe de haber algo malo en el motor. Karl must’ve seen ‘Star Wars’ six or seven times.Karl debe de haber visto 'Star Wars' seis o siete veces.4 spokenoral used to suggest that someone should do something, especially because you think they will enjoy it or you think it is a good idease usa para sugerir que alguien haga algo, especialmente porque se cree que lo disfrutará o que es una buena idea: You must come and stay with us in London sometime.Alguna vez debes venir a quedarte con nosotros en Londres. ‘We must do this again,’ he said. ‘I’ve enjoyed it thoroughly.’«Debemos repetirlo», dijo. «Lo he disfrutado muchísimo.»5especially British English spokenoral used to say that you intend or want to do somethingse usa para expresar que se tiene la intención o el deseo de hacer algo: I must call her tonight.Debo llamarla esta noche.6I must admit/say/confess spokenoral used to emphasize what you are sayingse usa para enfatizar lo que se dice: I must say, it gave me quite a shock.Debo decir que me dio un susto bastante grande.7(why) must you ...? spokenoral used to tell someone that their behaviour upsets or annoys youse usa para indicar que el comportamiento de alguien te molesta o irrita: Must you spoil everything?¿Tienes que arruinarlo todo? Why must you always be so suspicious?¿Por qué siempre tienes que ser tan desconfiado?8a must-have/must-see/must-read etc informalinformal something that is so good, exciting, or interesting that you think people should have it, see it etcalgo tan bueno, emocionante o interesante que se considera que la gente debería tenerlo, verlo, etc.: The exhibit is a must-see for anyone interested in Japanese art.La exposición es de visita obligada para cualquier persona interesada en el arte japonés. a must-read noveluna novela de lectura obligada9if you must (do something) spokenoral used to tell someone that they are allowed to do something, but that you do not approve of it or agree with itse usa para decirle a alguien que puede hacer algo, pero que uno no lo aprueba ni está de acuerdo: All right, come along, if you must.Bien, ven también, si te empeñas. If you must smoke, please go outside.Si insistes en fumar, por favor sal afuera.10if you must know spokenoral used when you answer a question that you think someone should not have asked, because it is slightly impolitese usa cuando se responde a una pregunta que uno considera que no debería haberse hecho, por ser ligeramente descortés: Well, if you must know, I’m thirty-six.Bueno, ya que insistes en saberlo, tengo treinta y seis años. → you must be joking at joke2(2)GRAMMAR: ComparisonGRAMÁTICA: Comparaciónmust• You say that you must do something: · I must get a new key.• Para decir que debes hacer algo, usa must: · I must get a new key.• Don’t use ‘to’ after must. ✗Don’t say: I must to get a new key.• No uses 'to' después de must. ✗ No digas: I must to get a new key.• You use must not when saying someone should not do something, for example because it is dangerous or wrong: · You must not leave without telling me where you’re going.• Usa must not cuando dices que alguien no debe hacer algo, por ejemplo porque es peligroso o está mal: · You must not leave without telling me where you're going.• You say that something must have happened, or that someone must have done something, when you are fairly sure that this is true, based on what you know: · They must have caught an earlier train.• Usa must have cuando estás bastante seguro de que algo ocurrió o de que alguien hizo algo, basándote en lo que sabes: · They must have caught an earlier train.have to• You say that you have to do something: · She has to do some shopping.• Para decir que tienes que hacer algo, usa have to: · She has to do some shopping.• You use don’t have to when it is not necessary for someone to do something: · You don’t have to leave yet.• Usa don't have to cuando no es necesario que alguien haga algo: · You don't have to leave yet.• You use had to instead of ‘must’ when talking about the past: · He had to get up early the next day.• Usa had to en lugar de must cuando hablas del pasado: · He had to get up early the next day.Grammar guide ‒ VERBSTHESAURUSSINÓNIMOSmust do something used when saying that it is very important that someone does something, because someone in authority or a rule says this, or because of the situationse usa al decir que es muy importante que alguien haga algo, porque una autoridad, una regla así lo indica, o por la situación: · You must be home by midnight.· Debes estar en casa antes de medianoche.· He must not smoke in here.· Él no debe fumar aquí.· I must remember to call her.· Debo recordar llamarla.have to do something to need to do something because it is necessary or importantnecesitar hacer algo porque es necesario o importante: · I have to go home early.· Tengo que volver a casa pronto.· She has to talk to him first.· Ella tiene que hablar con él primero.be obliged to do something to have to do something, because of a rule or law, or because of the situation you are intener que hacer algo por una regla, una ley o la situación en que uno se encuentra: · Members of parliament are obliged to declare all their financial interests.· Los miembros del parlamento están obligados a declarar todos sus intereses financieros.· He was obliged to admit defeat.· Se vio obligado a admitir la derrota.be required to do something formalformal to have to do something because of a rule or law – used especially in written notices and official documentstener que hacer algo por una regla o ley — se usa especialmente en avisos escritos y documentos oficiales: · New students are required to register with a doctor.· Los nuevos estudiantes están obligados a registrarse con un médico.have an obligation to do something (also be under an obligation to do something) to have to do something because it is the duty of someone in your position to do it, or because you have officially agreed to do ittener que hacer algo porque es el deber de alguien en su posición hacerlo, o porque se ha comprometido oficialmente a hacerlo: · The landlord is under an obligation to keep the building in good repair.· El propietario tiene la obligación de mantener el edificio en buen estado.be forced/compelled to do something to have to do something that you do not want to do, because you are in a situation that makes it impossible to avoidtener que hacer algo que uno no quiere hacer, porque la situación hace que sea imposible evitarlo: · She was forced to retire early due to ill health.· Se vio obligada a jubilarse anticipadamente por problemas de salud.
Ver todas las traducciones1 (past tense had to) to have to do something because it is necessary or important, or because of a law or ordertener que hacer algo porque es necesario o importante, o por una ley u orden: All passengers must wear seat belts.Todos los pasajeros deben llevar el cinturón de seguridad. It’s getting late. I really must go.Se está haciendo tarde. De verdad debo irme. You must work hard.Debes trabajar duro. We must all be patient.Todos debemos ser pacientes. Must I pay now?¿Debo pagar ahora? For the engine to work, the green lever must be in the ‘up’ position.Para que el motor funcione, la palanca verde debe estar en la posición «arriba». Accidents must be reported to the safety officer.Los accidentes deben comunicarse al responsable de seguridad.RegisterRegistroIn everyday English, people usually say someone has to or has got to do something rather than say they must do something, which can sound slightly formal or emphatic:· Everyone has to wear a seat belt.· I‘ve got to go at four o’clock.· Do I have to pay now?En el inglés cotidiano, la gente suele decir que alguien has to o has got to hacer algo, en lugar de must, ya que must puede sonar un poco formal o enfático:· Everyone has to wear a seat belt.· I've got to go at four o'clock.· Do I have to pay now?2used in negative sentences to say that something should not happen, because of a rule or law or because of the situationse usa en oraciones negativas para indicar que algo no debe ocurrir, por una regla, ley o por la situación: You mustn’t talk to your mother like that.No debes hablarle así a tu madre. This book must not be removed from the library.Este libro no debe sacarse de la biblioteca. We must never forget how much we owe to these brave men.Nunca debemos olvidar cuánto les debemos a estos valientes hombres. No one must disturb him while he’s sleeping.Nadie debe molestarlo mientras duerme.3used to say you think something is very likely to be true or very likely to have happenedse usa para indicar que algo es muy probable que sea verdad o que haya ocurrido: Sam must be nearly 90 years old now.Sam debe de tener casi 90 años ahora. His new car must have cost around £20,000.Su coche nuevo debe de haber costado alrededor de 20 000 libras. You must have been really upset.Debes de haber estado muy disgustado. There must be something wrong with the engine.Debe de haber algo malo en el motor. Karl must’ve seen ‘Star Wars’ six or seven times.Karl debe de haber visto 'Star Wars' seis o siete veces.4 spokenoral used to suggest that someone should do something, especially because you think they will enjoy it or you think it is a good idease usa para sugerir que alguien haga algo, especialmente porque se cree que lo disfrutará o que es una buena idea: You must come and stay with us in London sometime.Alguna vez debes venir a quedarte con nosotros en Londres. ‘We must do this again,’ he said. ‘I’ve enjoyed it thoroughly.’«Debemos repetirlo», dijo. «Lo he disfrutado muchísimo.»5especially British English spokenoral used to say that you intend or want to do somethingse usa para expresar que se tiene la intención o el deseo de hacer algo: I must call her tonight.Debo llamarla esta noche.6I must admit/say/confess spokenoral used to emphasize what you are sayingse usa para enfatizar lo que se dice: I must say, it gave me quite a shock.Debo decir que me dio un susto bastante grande.7(why) must you ...? spokenoral used to tell someone that their behaviour upsets or annoys youse usa para indicar que el comportamiento de alguien te molesta o irrita: Must you spoil everything?¿Tienes que arruinarlo todo? Why must you always be so suspicious?¿Por qué siempre tienes que ser tan desconfiado?8a must-have/must-see/must-read etc informalinformal something that is so good, exciting, or interesting that you think people should have it, see it etcalgo tan bueno, emocionante o interesante que se considera que la gente debería tenerlo, verlo, etc.: The exhibit is a must-see for anyone interested in Japanese art.La exposición es de visita obligada para cualquier persona interesada en el arte japonés. a must-read noveluna novela de lectura obligada9if you must (do something) spokenoral used to tell someone that they are allowed to do something, but that you do not approve of it or agree with itse usa para decirle a alguien que puede hacer algo, pero que uno no lo aprueba ni está de acuerdo: All right, come along, if you must.Bien, ven también, si te empeñas. If you must smoke, please go outside.Si insistes en fumar, por favor sal afuera.10if you must know spokenoral used when you answer a question that you think someone should not have asked, because it is slightly impolitese usa cuando se responde a una pregunta que uno considera que no debería haberse hecho, por ser ligeramente descortés: Well, if you must know, I’m thirty-six.Bueno, ya que insistes en saberlo, tengo treinta y seis años. → you must be joking at joke2(2)GRAMMAR: ComparisonGRAMÁTICA: Comparaciónmust• You say that you must do something: · I must get a new key.• Para decir que debes hacer algo, usa must: · I must get a new key.• Don’t use ‘to’ after must. ✗Don’t say: I must to get a new key.• No uses 'to' después de must. ✗ No digas: I must to get a new key.• You use must not when saying someone should not do something, for example because it is dangerous or wrong: · You must not leave without telling me where you’re going.• Usa must not cuando dices que alguien no debe hacer algo, por ejemplo porque es peligroso o está mal: · You must not leave without telling me where you're going.• You say that something must have happened, or that someone must have done something, when you are fairly sure that this is true, based on what you know: · They must have caught an earlier train.• Usa must have cuando estás bastante seguro de que algo ocurrió o de que alguien hizo algo, basándote en lo que sabes: · They must have caught an earlier train.have to• You say that you have to do something: · She has to do some shopping.• Para decir que tienes que hacer algo, usa have to: · She has to do some shopping.• You use don’t have to when it is not necessary for someone to do something: · You don’t have to leave yet.• Usa don't have to cuando no es necesario que alguien haga algo: · You don't have to leave yet.• You use had to instead of ‘must’ when talking about the past: · He had to get up early the next day.• Usa had to en lugar de must cuando hablas del pasado: · He had to get up early the next day.Grammar guide ‒ VERBSTHESAURUSSINÓNIMOSmust do something used when saying that it is very important that someone does something, because someone in authority or a rule says this, or because of the situationse usa al decir que es muy importante que alguien haga algo, porque una autoridad, una regla así lo indica, o por la situación: · You must be home by midnight.· Debes estar en casa antes de medianoche.· He must not smoke in here.· Él no debe fumar aquí.· I must remember to call her.· Debo recordar llamarla.have to do something to need to do something because it is necessary or importantnecesitar hacer algo porque es necesario o importante: · I have to go home early.· Tengo que volver a casa pronto.· She has to talk to him first.· Ella tiene que hablar con él primero.be obliged to do something to have to do something, because of a rule or law, or because of the situation you are intener que hacer algo por una regla, una ley o la situación en que uno se encuentra: · Members of parliament are obliged to declare all their financial interests.· Los miembros del parlamento están obligados a declarar todos sus intereses financieros.· He was obliged to admit defeat.· Se vio obligado a admitir la derrota.be required to do something formalformal to have to do something because of a rule or law – used especially in written notices and official documentstener que hacer algo por una regla o ley — se usa especialmente en avisos escritos y documentos oficiales: · New students are required to register with a doctor.· Los nuevos estudiantes están obligados a registrarse con un médico.have an obligation to do something (also be under an obligation to do something) to have to do something because it is the duty of someone in your position to do it, or because you have officially agreed to do ittener que hacer algo porque es el deber de alguien en su posición hacerlo, o porque se ha comprometido oficialmente a hacerlo: · The landlord is under an obligation to keep the building in good repair.· El propietario tiene la obligación de mantener el edificio en buen estado.be forced/compelled to do something to have to do something that you do not want to do, because you are in a situation that makes it impossible to avoidtener que hacer algo que uno no quiere hacer, porque la situación hace que sea imposible evitarlo: · She was forced to retire early due to ill health.· Se vio obligada a jubilarse anticipadamente por problemas de salud.