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    that の英語での意味

    thatthat1 /ðæt/ determiner, pronoun すべての翻訳を見る1 (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) used to refer to a person, thing, idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known aboutすでに述べられた、またはすでに知られている人・物・考えなどを指すときに使う:  ‘You never cared about me.’ ‘That’s not true.’「あなたは私のことなんて気にしたことがなかった。」「それは違う。」 I wish you wouldn’t say things like that.そんなことを言わないでほしい。 What did you do with those sandwiches?あのサンドイッチはどうしたの? Victoria Street? That’s where my sister lives.ビクトリア・ストリート?そこは私の姉が住んでいるところだ。 Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins who came to dinner?夕食に来たあの感じのいいホスキンズさんのこと、覚えてる? I’ve got that pain in my back again.また背中があの痛みで痛い。 He killed a man once and that’s why he had to leave Ireland.彼はかつて人を殺したことがあり、それがアイルランドを去らなければならなかった理由だ。 ‘We’ve been cheated,’ she said. Those were her exact words.「私たちはだまされた」と彼女は言った。それが彼女の正確な言葉だった。 ‘I have to go,’ she said, and with that (=after saying that) she hung up the phone.「行かなければ」と彼女は言い、それと同時に(=そう言った後で)電話を切った。2 /ðət/ used after a noun as a relative pronoun like ‘who’, ‘whom’, or ‘which’ to introduce a clause/ðət/ 名詞の後に関係代名詞として使い、"who"・"whom"・"which"に似た働きで節を導く:  There are lots of things that I need to buy before the trip.旅行の前に買わなければならないものがたくさんある。 the people that live next door隣に住んでいる人たち They’ve got a machine that prints names on badges.彼らはバッジに名前を印刷する機械を持っている。 the greatest boxer that ever lived史上最も偉大なボクサー Who was it that said ‘The Law’s an Ass’?「法律はロバだ」と言ったのは誰だったのか? The day that my father died, I was on holiday in Greece.父が亡くなった日、私はギリシャで休暇中だった。GRAMMAR文法In everyday English, that is often omitted when it is the object of the relative clause: · I like the clothes that she wears.· I like the clothes she wears.• 日常英語では、that が関係節の目的語である場合、しばしば省略される:· I like the clothes that she wears.· I like the clothes she wears.You do not omit that when it is the subject of the clause: · The family that lives downstairs is Polish. Don’t say: The family lives downstairs is Polish.• that が節の主語である場合は省略できない:· The family that lives downstairs is Polish. ✗次のようには言わない:The family lives downstairs is Polish.3 (plural those /ðəʊz $ ðoʊz/) formalフォーマル used to refer to a particular person or thing of the general type that has just been mentioned直前に述べられた一般的な種類の中の特定の人や物を指すときに使う:  In my opinion, the finest wines are those from France.私の意見では、最高のワインはフランス産のものだ。that of His own experience was different from that of his friends.彼自身の経験は友人たちのそれとは異なっていた。4those who people who~する人々:  There are those who disapprove of all forms of gambling.あらゆる形態のギャンブルに反対する人たちがいる。 Those who saw the performance thought it memorable.その公演を見た人たちは印象的だと思った。5at that used after adding a piece of information which emphasizes and increases what you have just said直前に述べたことを強調し、その程度を高める情報を加えるときに使う:  You should be able to answer the question in a single sentence, and a short one at that.その質問は一文で答えられるはずだ、しかも短い一文で。6that is (to say) used to give more exact information about something or to correct a statementより正確な情報を加えたり、述べたことを訂正したりするときに使う:  One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.一つの解決策は画面の形を変えること、つまり、より幅広くすることだ。 Languages are taught by the direct method, that is to say, without using the student’s own language.言語は直接教授法で教えられる。つまり、学習者自身の言語を使わずに教える。 I loved him – that is, I thought I did.私は彼を愛していた——というか、そう思っていた。SPOKEN PHRASES7 (plural those) used to refer to a person or thing that is not near you自分の近くにいない人や物を指すときに使う:  Is that my pen you’ve got there?そこにあるのは私のペンですか? That’s Eileen’s house across the road.道の向こう側にあるのがEileenの家だ。 Look at those men in that car. What on earth are they doing?あの車の中のあの男たちを見て。一体何をしているんだろう? Our tomatoes never get as big as that.うちのトマトはあんなに大きくなったことがない。8that’s life/men/politics etc (for you) used to say that something is typical of a particular group of people, situation etc特定の人々のグループや状況などに典型的なことを表すときに使う:  I don’t think I was fairly treated, but then that’s life, isn’t it?公平に扱われたとは思わないが、まあ、それが人生というものだよね? We go out for a romantic meal and all he wants to do is talk about football. That’s men for you.ロマンチックな食事に出かけたのに、彼はサッカーの話しかしたがらない。男ってそういうものだよね。9that’s it a)used to say that something is completely finished or that a situation cannot be changed何かが完全に終わった、または状況が変えられないことを表すときに使う:  That’s it, then. There’s nothing more we can do.もうこれで終わりだ。これ以上できることは何もない。 b)used to tell someone that they are doing something correctly相手が正しくできていることを伝えるときに使う:  Slowly ... slowly. Yeah, that’s it.ゆっくり……ゆっくり。そう、そうだよ。 c) (also that does it) used when you are angry about a situation and you do not want it to continue状況に腹を立てており、それを続けたくないときに使う:  That’s it. I’m leaving.もう限界だ。出て行く。10that’s that used to emphasize that a situation or a decision cannot be changed状況や決定が変えられないことを強調するときに使う:  I refuse to go and that’s that!私は行かない、それで終わりだ! There’s no money left, so that’s that.お金はもう残っていない、だからそれで終わりだ。11used when you are not sure who is answering the telephone電話に出ているのが誰かわからないときに使う:  Hello, is that Joan Murphy?もしもし、Joan Murphyさんですか?12and (all) that British English and similar thingsなどの類似したもの:  I knew he was interested in computers and all that.彼がコンピューターとかそういったものに興味があることは知っていた。13that’s a good girl/that’s a clever dog etc used to praise a child or animal子どもや動物を褒めるときに使う14that is not an option used when you want to emphasize that something that has just been suggested is not acceptable to you今提案されたことが自分には受け入れられないと強調したいときに使うUSAGE: That, who, which使い方:That、who、whichYou use that as a relative pronoun when saying which person or thing you are talking about: · This is the friend that I told you about.· They didn't have the book that I wanted.• どの人や物について話しているかを示すとき、関係代名詞として that を使う:· This is the friend that I told you about.· They didn't have the book that I wanted.That can be omitted: · This is the friend I told you about.· They didn't have the book I wanted.• that は省略できる:· This is the friend I told you about.· They didn't have the book I wanted.You use who or which when adding extra information about the person or thing: · She looked after her husband, who was ill.· I did it myself, which was difficult.• 人や物についての補足情報を加えるときは who または which を使う:· She looked after her husband, who was ill.· I did it myself, which was difficult.In clauses like this, who or which can not be omitted. Don’t say: She looked after her husband, that was ill.• このような節では、who または which は省略できない。✗次のようには言わない:She looked after her husband, that was ill.You use who when talking about a person: · There's the man who I saw yesterday. Don't use which about people. Don’t say: She looked after her husband, which was ill.• 人について話すときは who を使う:· There's the man who I saw yesterday. 人に which は使わない。✗次のようには言わない:She looked after her husband, which was ill.You can also use that when talking about a person. That is used about both people and things: · There's the man that I saw yesterday.• 人について話すときも that を使うことができる。that は人にも物にも使われる:· There's the man that I saw yesterday.In clauses like this, both that and who can be omitted: · There's the man I saw yesterday.• このような節では、that も who も省略できる:· There's the man I saw yesterday.
    thatthat2 /ðət/ conjunction 1used after verbs, nouns, and adjectives to introduce a clause which shows what someone says or thinks, or states a fact or reason動詞・名詞・形容詞の後に使い、誰かが言ったり考えたりしていること、または事実や理由を示す節を導く:  If she said that she’d come, she’ll come.彼女が来ると言ったなら、来るだろう。 I can’t believe that he’s only 17.彼がまだ17歳だとは信じられない。 Are you sure that they live in Park Lane?彼らがPark Laneに住んでいると確かですか? allegations that he is guilty of war crimes彼が戦争犯罪を犯したという申し立て The fact that he is your brother-in-law should not affect your decision.彼があなたの義兄弟であるという事実は、あなたの決断に影響を与えるべきではない。 He might have left the money for the simple reason that he didn’t know it was there.彼がお金をそこに置いたままにしたのは、単純にそこにあることを知らなかったからかもしれない。GRAMMAR文法In everyday English, that is often omitted. Instead of saying · I’m not surprised that you were upset, you say · I’m not surprised you were upset.• 日常英語では、that はしばしば省略される。· I'm not surprised that you were upset と言う代わりに、· I'm not surprised you were upset と言う。In formal English, that is used more often in this situation.• 正式な英語では、このような場合に that がより頻繁に使われる。2used after a phrase with ‘so’ or ‘such’ to introduce a clause that shows the result of something"so"や"such"を含む句の後に使い、何かの結果を示す節を導く:  I was so tired that I fell asleep.あまりにも疲れていたので、眠ってしまった。 The school was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled down.学校はひどく損傷していたため、取り壊さなければならなかった。 We had been away for such a long time that I had forgotten her name.私たちはとても長い間離れていたので、彼女の名前を忘れてしまっていた。3used to introduce a clause that refers to a fact, when describing it事実を描写する節を導くときに使う:  It’s odd that I haven’t heard of you.あなたのことを聞いたことがないとは不思議だ。 That anyone should want to kill her was unthinkable.誰かが彼女を殺したいと思うなど、考えられないことだった。 The problem is that no-one knows what will happen.問題は、何が起こるか誰も知らないということだ。4formalフォーマル in order that something may happen or someone may do something何かが起こるように、または誰かが何かをできるように:  Give us strength that we may stand against them.私たちに力を与えてください、彼らに立ち向かえるように。5literary文語 used to express a wish for something to happen or be true, especially when this is not possible何かが起こることや事実であることを願うときに使う。特にそれが不可能な場合に用いる:  Oh, that she were alive to see this!ああ、彼女が生きていてこれを見ることができたなら! so (that) at so2(2)
    thatthat3 /ðæt/ adverb [+adjective/adverb] 1spoken話し言葉 used to say how big, how much etc, especially when you are showing the size, amount etc with your hands大きさや量などを手で示しながら、どのくらい大きいか、どのくらいかを表すときに使う:  It was quite a large fish – about that long.かなり大きな魚だった——だいたいこのくらいの長さだ。 He missed hitting the car in front by that much.彼は前の車にあとこれだけのところで当たらずに済んだ。2[usually in negatives] spoken話し言葉 as much as in the present situation or as much as has been stated現在の状況と同じくらい、または述べられた量と同じくらい:  I’m sorry, I hadn’t realized the situation was that bad.すみません、状況がそんなに悪いとは気づいていませんでした。 No one expected it to cost that much.それほど費用がかかるとは誰も予想していなかった。 The advanced exam is more difficult, but not many students progress that far.上級試験はより難しいが、そこまで進む学生はあまり多くない。3not (all) that long/many etc spoken話し言葉 used to mean fairly short, only a few etcかなり短い、ほんの少しなどを表すときに使う:  Will’s not that tall, considering he’s 16.Willは16歳にしては、それほど背が高いわけではない。 The film wasn’t all that good.その映画はそれほど良くはなかった。4British English spoken話し言葉 informalインフォーマル used to emphasize how big, bad, much etc something is何かがどれほど大きいか、ひどいか、多いかなどを強調するときに使う:  I was that embarrassed I didn’t know what to say.あまりにも恥ずかしくて、何を言えばいいかわからなかった。