break 的英语意思
breakbreak1 /breɪk/ verb (past tense broke /brəʊk $ broʊk/, past participle broken /ˈbrəʊkən $ ˈbroʊ-/) 
查看全部语言翻译1separate into pieces a)[transitive] if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it打碎某物，使其分裂成两块或多块，例如通过敲击、摔落或弯折: 
I had to break a window to get into the house.我不得不打破一扇窗才能进入房子。 Don’t lean on the fence like that – you’ll break it!别那样靠着篱笆——你会把它压断的！break something in half/two He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me.他把饼干掰成两半，把其中一块递给了我。 Break the chocolate into small pieces and melt it over a gentle heat.将巧克力掰成小块，用文火融化。 b)[intransitive] if something breaks, it separates into two or more pieces某物断裂，分成两块或多块: He kept pulling at the rope until it broke.他不停地拉扯绳子，直到它断了。 The frames are made of plastic and they tend to break quite easily.框架是塑料制的，很容易断裂。2bones [transitive] to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split使身体某块骨头折断或裂开: She fell downstairs and broke her hip.她从楼梯上摔下来，摔断了髋骨。► see thesaurus at hurt3machines a)[transitive] to damage a machine so that it does not work properly损坏机器，使其无法正常运转: Don’t mess about with my camera – you’ll break it.别乱动我的相机——你会弄坏它的。 Someone’s broken the TV.有人把电视弄坏了。 b)[intransitive] if a machine breaks, it stops working properly机器发生故障，停止正常运转: The washing machine’s broken again.洗衣机又坏了。4rules/laws [transitive] to disobey a rule or law违反规则或法律: They’re breaking the law by employing such young children.他们雇用如此年幼的儿童是在违法。 If you break the rules, you will be punished.如果你违反规则，你将受到惩罚。 The cameras catch motorists who break the speed limit.摄像头捕捉超速行驶的驾驶人。5promise/agreement [transitive] to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do不履行承诺或协议中应当做的事情: I never break my promises.我从不食言。 You betrayed me. You broke your word.你背叛了我。你食言了。break an agreement/contract He was worried that he might be breaking his contract.他担心自己可能违反了合同。6stop/rest [intransitive] to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something暂时停下来休息或吃东西break for Shall we break for lunch now?我们现在去吃午饭，休息一下？7end something [transitive] to stop something from continuing使某事停止继续: We need to break the cycle of poverty and crime in the inner cities.我们需要打破内城区贫困与犯罪的恶性循环。 We took turns driving, in order to try and break the monotony.我们轮流开车，试图打破单调乏味的气氛。 New talks will begin on Monday in an effort to break the deadlock.为了打破僵局，新的谈判将于周一开始。8defeat somebody [transitive] to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living使人感到彻底崩溃，无法继续工作或生活: Losing his business nearly broke him.生意的失败几乎使他一蹶不振。 I won’t give in. I won’t be broken by him.我不会屈服的。我不会被他打垮的。9destroy an organization [transitive] to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power严重破坏某个组织，使其彻底失去权力: The government succeeded in breaking the unions.政府成功地摧毁了工会。10day/dawn [intransitive] when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light天破晓时，天空开始发亮: Dawn was breaking by the time we arrived home.我们到家时，天色已经开始破晓。11storm [intransitive] if a storm breaks, it begins暴风雨突然降临，开始爆发: We were keen to get back to the hotel before the storm broke.我们急切地想在暴风雨来临前回到酒店。12weather [intransitive] if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet天气骤变，突然变冷或下雨: The following day the weather broke and we had ten days of solid rain.第二天天气骤变，随后连续下了十天大雨。13waves [intransitive] when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water海浪拍打，冲击水边的陆地: We sat and watched the waves breaking on the shore.我们坐着，看着海浪拍打海岸。14somebody’s voice [intransitive] a)when a boy’s voice breaks, it becomes lower and starts to sound like a man’s voice男孩变声时，声音变低，开始听起来像成年男性的声音: He was fifteen, and his voice was just beginning to break.他十五岁，声音才刚刚开始变声。 b)if your voice breaks, it does not sound smooth because you are feeling strong emotions由于情绪激动，声音变得哽咽，听起来不流畅: Her voice broke as she told us what had happened.她向我们讲述发生的事情时，声音哽咽了。15news a)[intransitive] if news about an important event breaks, it becomes known重要事件的消息传开，被大众所知: News of his resignation broke yesterday.他辞职的消息昨天传开了。 The minister has refused to give any interviews since the scandal broke.自丑闻曝光以来，该部长拒绝接受任何采访。 b)[transitive] if you break unpleasant news to someone, you tell it to them向某人透露令人不快的消息，即告诉他们: I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother.我不知道该怎样把这个消息告诉我母亲。 The doctor finally broke it to me that there was no cure.医生最终告诉我，这种病无药可治。16break a habit to stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do戒掉经常做的事情，尤其是不应该做的事情: a new drug which helps smokers to break their habit一种帮助吸烟者戒除烟瘾的新药17break a record to do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc做得比之前最佳成绩更快或更好: an attempt to break the 10,000-metres world record试图打破一万米世界纪录18break a journey British English to stop somewhere for a short time during a long journey长途旅行途中在某处短暂停留: We decided to break our journey in Oxford.我们决定在牛津途中停留休息。19break somebody’s heart to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot通过结束关系或做令对方非常伤心的事，使其极度痛苦: He broke my heart when he left me.他离开我时，伤透了我的心。 It’ll break your father’s heart if you tell him you’re giving up college.如果你告诉父亲你要放弃大学，他会心碎的。20break a strike to force workers to end a strike强迫工人结束罢工: The government has threatened to bring in the army to break the 10-month-old strike.政府威胁要调兵镇压这场持续十个月的罢工。21break a link/tie/connection to end a relationship with a person or organization与某人或某组织断绝关系: The US has now broken all diplomatic links with the regime.美国已与该政权断绝了所有外交往来。 Sometimes it is necessary to break family ties in order to protect the child.有时为了保护孩子，有必要切断家庭纽带。22 break the skin to cut the skin on your body划破身体皮肤: Their teeth are sharp enough to break the skin.它们的牙齿足够锋利，能刺破皮肤。23break the back of something to finish the main or worst part of something完成某事最主要或最艰难的部分: I think we’ve broken the back of the job now.我想我们现在已经完成了这项工作最艰难的部分。24break the bank to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have花费大量金钱，或超出自己的承受能力: A new hard drive doesn’t have to break the bank.买一块新硬盘不必花大价钱。25break somebody’s concentration to interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something打断某人，使其无法继续思考或谈论某事: The slightest sound would break his concentration.最轻微的声音都会打断他的注意力。26break the silence to end a period of silence by talking or making a noise通过说话或制造声音来打破沉默: The silence was broken by a loud scream.一声大喊打破了寂静。27break somebody’s spirit to destroy someone’s feeling of determination摧毁某人的斗志: They could not break her spirit.他们无法摧毁她的斗志。 The spirit of our soldiers will never be broken.我们士兵的斗志永远不会被摧毁。28break somebody’s power to take away someone’s position of power or control剥夺某人的权力或控制地位: At last the power of the Church had been broken.教会的权力终于被打破了。29break the ice informal非正式 to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other使人们感到更加融洽，愿意互相交谈: Sam’s arrival broke the ice and people began to talk and laugh.Sam的到来打破了僵局，人们开始谈笑风生。30 break a code to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way成功破译以秘密方式编写的内容: Scientists worked day and night to break the code.科学家们日夜工作，试图破解密码。31break wind to allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell从臀部排出气体，发出声音和令人不快的气味32break (somebody’s) serve to win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first在网球比赛中，在对方发球局获胜: Hewitt broke serve twice in the second set.休伊特在第二盘两度破发成功。33break a leg spoken口语 used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage用于祝某人好运，尤指在其上台表演前GRAMMAR语法Break belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object."break"属于一类动词，同一名词既可以作该动词的主语，也可以作其宾语。• You can say: · I broke a glass. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of break.• 你可以说：· I broke a glass.（我打碎了一个玻璃杯。）在这个句子中，"a glass"是 break 的宾语。• You can also say: · A glass broke. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of break.Grammar guide ‒ VERBS• 你也可以说：· A glass broke.（一个玻璃杯碎了。）在这个句子中，"a glass"是 break 的主语。语法指南——动词COLLOCATIONS词语搭配– Meaning 5– 释义 5break + NOUNbreak + 名词break your promise· I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me.· 我永远不会原谅他对我食言。break your word (=break your promise)· I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word.· 我已承诺要做这件事，我从不食言。break your vow (=break a serious or formal promise)· He accused her of breaking her marriage vows.· 他指责她违背了婚姻誓言。break (off) your engagement· In the end she decided to break their engagement.· 最终她决定解除婚约。break a contract· He took the company to court for breaking the contract.· 他将该公司告上法庭，指控其违约。break an agreement· This action broke the international agreement of 1925.· 这一行为违反了1925年的国际协议。THESAURUS同义词辨析to break something打破某物break verb [transitive] to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it损坏某物并使其碎裂成片，例如通过摔落或击打: · Careful you don’t break the chair.· 小心别把椅子弄坏。· He broke his leg.· 他腿骨折了。smash verb [transitive] to break something with a lot of force用很大的力气打碎某物: · A policeman smashed his camera.· 一名警察砸碎了他的相机。snap verb [transitive] to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects将某物折断成两段，发出很大声音——尤指细长物体: · He snapped the sticks in two.· 他把树枝折断成两段。split verb [transitive] to separate something into two pieces along a straight line沿直线将某物分成两半: · Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half.· 用锋利的刀将甜瓜切成两半。fracture verb [transitive] to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface损伤骨骼，尤指使其表面出现裂纹: · I fell over and fractured my wrist.· 我摔倒后手腕骨裂了。tear /teə $ ter/ verb [transitive] to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces通过撕拉使纸张或布料破损成片: · She tore up the letter and put it in the bin.· 她将信撕碎后扔进了垃圾桶。· I tore my jacket.· 我把夹克撕破了。to become broken断裂，破损break verb [intransitive] to become damaged and separate into pieces受损并碎裂成片: · Plastic breaks quite easily.· 塑料很容易断裂。smash verb [intransitive] to break after being hit with a lot of force受到重击后碎裂: · The bowl smashed as it hit the floor.· 碗落地时摔得粉碎。shatter verb [intransitive] to break into a lot of small pieces碎裂成许多小片: · The glass shattered all over the pavement.· 玻璃碎片散落在人行道上。crack verb [intransitive] if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces如果某物出现裂纹，其表面产生一道裂缝，意味着以后可能会碎裂成块: · The ice was starting to crack.· 冰开始裂开了。burst verb [intransitive] if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it如果轮胎、气球、管道等爆裂，则会出现一个破口，空气或液体突然喷出: · She blew up the balloon until it burst.· 她把气球吹得爆了。split verb [intransitive] to break in a straight line沿直线裂开: · The damp had caused the wood to split.· 潮湿使木头裂开了。crumble verb [intransitive] to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces碎裂成粉末或许多小碎片: · The cork just crumbled in my hand.· 软木塞在我手里碎掉了。break away phrasal verb1to leave a group or political party and form another group, usually because of a disagreement脱离某个团体或政党，另立新团体，通常因为意见分歧: More than 30 Labour MPs broke away to form a new left-wing party.逾三十名工党议员脱党，另组一个新的左翼政党。break away from They broke away from the national union and set up their own local organization.他们脱离全国工会，成立了自己的地方组织。 → breakaway22to leave your home, family, or job and become independent离开家庭、家人或工作，走向独立break away from I felt the need to break away from home.我感到需要离开家，独立生活。3to move away from someone who is holding you挣脱抓住自己的人: She started crying and tried to break away.她开始哭泣，并试图挣脱。break away from She broke away from him and ran to the door.她挣脱了他，跑向门口。4to move away from other people in a race or game在比赛或竞技中甩开其他人: Radcliffe broke away 200 metres before the finish.拉德克利夫在距终点200米时甩开了对手。5to become loose and no longer attached to something脱落，不再与某物相连: Part of the plane’s wing had broken away.飞机机翼的一部分断裂脱落了。break down phrasal verb1if a car or machine breaks down, it stops working汽车或机器发生故障，停止运转: The car broke down just north of Paris.汽车在巴黎正北方抛锚了。 The printing machines are always breaking down.印刷机器总是出故障。 → breakdown2to fail or stop working in a successful way失败或停止顺利运转: Negotiations broke down after only two days.谈判仅两天后就陷入僵局。 I left London when my marriage broke down.婚姻破裂后，我离开了伦敦。 → breakdown3 break something ↔ down if you break down a door, you hit it so hard that it breaks and falls to the ground将门撞开，用力击打使其破裂倒地: Police had to break down the door to get into the flat.警察不得不破门而入公寓。4 break something ↔ down to change or remove something that prevents people from working together and having a successful relationship with each other改变或消除阻碍人们合作和建立良好关系的事物: Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them.让年轻人聚在一起有助于打破彼此之间的隔阂。 It takes a long time to break down prejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。5if a substance breaks down, or something breaks it down, it changes as a result of a chemical process某种物质分解，或被某物分解，因化学过程而发生变化break something ↔ down Food is broken down in the stomach.食物在胃中被分解。 Bacteria are added to help break down the sewage.加入细菌以帮助分解污水。6to be unable to stop yourself crying, especially in public忍不住哭泣，尤指当众失声痛哭: He broke down and cried.他情绪崩溃，哭了起来。 She broke down in tears when she heard the news.她听到消息后情绪崩溃，泪流满面。7 break something ↔ down to separate something into smaller parts so that it is easier to do or understand将某事物分解成更小的部分，以便更容易操作或理解: He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily.他先给我们展示了整套舞蹈，然后将其分解，以便我们更容易学习。 The question can be broken down into two parts.这个问题可以分解成两个部分。 → breakdownbreak for something phrasal verb to suddenly run towards something, especially in order to escape from someone突然向某处跑去，尤指为了逃脱某人: He broke for the door, but the guards got there before he did.他朝门口冲去，但警卫比他先到了那里。break in phrasal verb1to enter a building by using force, in order to steal something强行闯入建筑物以便盗窃: Thieves broke in and stole £10,000 worth of computer equipment.窃贼闯入后盗走了价值一万英镑的电脑设备。 → break-in2to interrupt someone when they are speaking打断某人的讲话break in on I didn’t want to break in on his telephone conversation.我不想打断他的电话交谈。break in with Dad would occasionally break in with an amusing comment.爸爸偶尔会插嘴说上一句有趣的话。3 break something ↔ in to make new shoes or boots less stiff and more comfortable by wearing them通过穿着使新鞋或新靴子变得不那么硬，更加舒适: I went for a walk to break in my new boots.我去散步，把新靴子穿开了。4 break somebody in to help a person get used to a certain way of behaving or working帮助某人适应某种行为或工作方式: She’s quite new to the job, so we’re still breaking her in.她对这份工作还很陌生，所以我们还在帮她适应。5break something ↔ in to teach a young horse to carry people on its back训练幼马让人骑乘: We break the horses in when they’re about two years old.我们在马约两岁时开始驯马。break into something phrasal verb1to enter a building or car by using force, in order to steal something强行闯入建筑物或汽车以便盗窃: Someone broke into my car and stole the radio.有人砸开我的车，偷走了收音机。 Her house was broken into last week.她家上周遭到入室盗窃。2to become involved in a new job or business activity涉足新的工作或商业领域: She made an attempt to break into journalism.她尝试进入新闻行业。 It’s a profession that is very hard to break into.这是一个很难打入的行业。 Many British firms have failed in their attempts to break into the American market.许多英国企业试图打入美国市场，但均以失败告终。3to start to spend money that you did not want to spend开始动用原本不想花的钱: I don’t want to break into my savings unless I have to.我不想动用储蓄，除非迫不得已。4break into a run/trot etc to suddenly start running突然开始奔跑: He broke into a run as he came round the corner.他转过拐角后突然跑了起来。5break into a smile/a song/applause etc to suddenly start smiling, singing etc突然开始微笑、唱歌等: Her face broke into a smile.她脸上绽开了笑容。 The audience broke into loud applause.观众爆发出热烈的掌声。break somebody of something phrasal verb to make someone stop having a bad habit使某人改掉坏习惯: Try to break yourself of the habit of eating between meals.试着戒掉在正餐之间吃零食的习惯。break off phrasal verb1to suddenly stop talking突然停止说话: She started to speak, then broke off while a waitress served us coffee.她刚开始说话，就在一名女服务员为我们上咖啡时中断了。 He broke off in mid-sentence to shake hands with the new arrivals.他说到一半，停下来与新到的人握手。break something ↔ off I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.我中断了谈话，去接了电话。2 break something ↔ off to end a relationship结束一段关系: She broke off their engagement only a few weeks before they were due to be married.她在他们预定婚礼前仅几周便解除了婚约。 The US has broken off diplomatic relations with the regime.美国已与该政权断绝外交关系。3if something breaks off, or if you break it off, it comes loose and is no longer attached to something else某物脱落，或被折断，与其他物体分离: One of the car’s wing mirrors had broken off.汽车的一面后视镜断掉了。break something ↔ off He broke off a piece of bread.他掰下一块面包。break out phrasal verb1if something unpleasant such as a fire, fight, or war breaks out, it starts to happen如果火灾、斗殴或战争等不愉快的事件爆发，就是指其开始发生: I was still living in London when the war broke out.战争爆发时，我还住在伦敦。 Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?如果发生火灾，大家都知道该怎么做吗？ Fighting broke out between demonstrators and the police.示威者与警察之间爆发了冲突。 → outbreak2to escape from a prison从监狱越狱break out of Three men have broken out of a top-security jail.三名男子从一所戒备森严的监狱越狱逃脱。 → breakout3to change the way you live because you feel bored因感到无聊而改变生活方式break out of She felt the need to break out of her daily routine.她感到需要打破日常的生活常规。4break out in spots/a rash/a sweat etc if you break out in spots etc, they appear on your skin如果皮肤爆出斑点等，就是指它们出现在皮肤上: I broke out in a painful rash.我皮肤上起了令人疼痛的皮疹。 My whole body broke out in a sweat.我全身冒出了汗。break through phrasal verb1 break through (something) to manage to get past or through something that is in your way设法越过或穿过阻碍自己的事物: Several demonstrators broke through the barriers despite warnings from the police.几名示威者不顾警方警告，冲破了路障。 After hours of fierce fighting, rebels broke through and captured the capital.经过数小时激战，反叛军突破防线，攻占了首都。2 break through (something) if the sun breaks through, you can see it when you could not see it before because there were clouds阳光穿透云层，原本被云遮住的太阳变得可见: The sun broke through at around lunch time.太阳在午饭前后穿破云层出现了。 The sun soon broke through the mist.太阳很快穿破了薄雾。3to manage to do something successfully when there is a difficulty that is preventing you在困难阻碍下仍设法成功做到某事: He’s a very talented young actor who’s just ready to break through.他是一位非常有才华的年轻演员，即将崭露头角。break through into It is possible that at this election some of the minority parties might succeed in breaking through into parliament.此次选举中，一些少数党有可能成功跻身议会。 → breakthroughbreak up phrasal verb1if something breaks up, or if you break it up, it breaks into a lot of small pieces某物碎裂成许多小块，或被弄碎成许多小块: It seems that the plane just broke up in the air.飞机似乎就在空中解体了。break something ↔ up Use a fork to break up the soil.用叉子把土壤松开。2 break something ↔ up to separate something into several smaller parts将某物分割成几个较小的部分: There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.有计划将该公司拆分成几家较小的独立公司。 You need a few trees and bushes to break up the lawn.你需要几棵树木和灌木来打破草坪的单调感。3 break something ↔ up to stop a fight制止打架: Three policemen were needed to break up the fight.需要三名警察才能制止这场斗殴。4break something ↔ up to make people leave a place where they have been meeting or protesting驱散聚集或抗议的人群: Government soldiers broke up the demonstration.政府军队驱散了示威活动。 Police moved in to break up the meeting.警察介入驱散了这次集会。5if a marriage, group of people, or relationship breaks up, the people in it separate and do not live or work together anymore婚姻、团体或关系破裂，相关人员分离，不再共同生活或共事: He lost his job and his marriage broke up.他失业了，婚姻也随之破裂。 The couple broke up last year.这对情侣去年分手了。 Many bands break up because of personality clashes between the musicians.许多乐队因乐手之间的性格冲突而解散。break up with Has Sam really broken up with Lucy?Sam真的和Lucy分手了吗？ → breakup6if a meeting or party breaks up, people start to leave会议或聚会结束，人们开始离去: The party didn’t break up until after midnight.派对在午夜过后才散场。 The meeting broke up without any agreement.会议在没有达成任何协议的情况下散会。7 British English when a school breaks up, it closes for a holiday学校放假时，关闭休息: School breaks up next week.学校下周放假。break up for When do you break up for Easter?你们什么时候放复活节假？8 break somebody up American English informal非正式 to make someone laugh by saying or doing something funny通过说有趣的话或做有趣的事逗某人发笑: He breaks me up!他把我逗得哈哈大笑！break with somebody/something phrasal verb1to leave a group of people or an organization, especially because you have had a disagreement with them脱离某个团体或组织，尤指因意见分歧: She had broken with her family years ago.她多年前就与家人决裂了。 They broke with the Communist Party and set up a new party.他们脱离共产党，成立了一个新政党。2break with tradition/the past to stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way不再遵循旧习惯，以全新的方式行事: Now is the time to break with the past.现在是与过去决裂的时候了。 His work broke with tradition in many ways.他的作品在许多方面突破了传统。
查看全部语言翻译1separate into pieces a)[transitive] if you break something, you make it separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it打碎某物，使其分裂成两块或多块，例如通过敲击、摔落或弯折: I had to break a window to get into the house.我不得不打破一扇窗才能进入房子。 Don’t lean on the fence like that – you’ll break it!别那样靠着篱笆——你会把它压断的！break something in half/two He broke the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me.他把饼干掰成两半，把其中一块递给了我。 Break the chocolate into small pieces and melt it over a gentle heat.将巧克力掰成小块，用文火融化。 b)[intransitive] if something breaks, it separates into two or more pieces某物断裂，分成两块或多块: He kept pulling at the rope until it broke.他不停地拉扯绳子，直到它断了。 The frames are made of plastic and they tend to break quite easily.框架是塑料制的，很容易断裂。2bones [transitive] to damage a bone in your body by making it crack or split使身体某块骨头折断或裂开: She fell downstairs and broke her hip.她从楼梯上摔下来，摔断了髋骨。► see thesaurus at hurt3machines a)[transitive] to damage a machine so that it does not work properly损坏机器，使其无法正常运转: Don’t mess about with my camera – you’ll break it.别乱动我的相机——你会弄坏它的。 Someone’s broken the TV.有人把电视弄坏了。 b)[intransitive] if a machine breaks, it stops working properly机器发生故障，停止正常运转: The washing machine’s broken again.洗衣机又坏了。4rules/laws [transitive] to disobey a rule or law违反规则或法律: They’re breaking the law by employing such young children.他们雇用如此年幼的儿童是在违法。 If you break the rules, you will be punished.如果你违反规则，你将受到惩罚。 The cameras catch motorists who break the speed limit.摄像头捕捉超速行驶的驾驶人。5promise/agreement [transitive] to not do something that you have promised to do or signed an agreement to do不履行承诺或协议中应当做的事情: I never break my promises.我从不食言。 You betrayed me. You broke your word.你背叛了我。你食言了。break an agreement/contract He was worried that he might be breaking his contract.他担心自己可能违反了合同。6stop/rest [intransitive] to stop for a short time in order to have a rest or eat something暂时停下来休息或吃东西break for Shall we break for lunch now?我们现在去吃午饭，休息一下？7end something [transitive] to stop something from continuing使某事停止继续: We need to break the cycle of poverty and crime in the inner cities.我们需要打破内城区贫困与犯罪的恶性循环。 We took turns driving, in order to try and break the monotony.我们轮流开车，试图打破单调乏味的气氛。 New talks will begin on Monday in an effort to break the deadlock.为了打破僵局，新的谈判将于周一开始。8defeat somebody [transitive] to make someone feel that they have been completely defeated and they cannot continue working or living使人感到彻底崩溃，无法继续工作或生活: Losing his business nearly broke him.生意的失败几乎使他一蹶不振。 I won’t give in. I won’t be broken by him.我不会屈服的。我不会被他打垮的。9destroy an organization [transitive] to damage an organization so badly that it no longer has any power严重破坏某个组织，使其彻底失去权力: The government succeeded in breaking the unions.政府成功地摧毁了工会。10day/dawn [intransitive] when the day or the dawn breaks, the sky gets light天破晓时，天空开始发亮: Dawn was breaking by the time we arrived home.我们到家时，天色已经开始破晓。11storm [intransitive] if a storm breaks, it begins暴风雨突然降临，开始爆发: We were keen to get back to the hotel before the storm broke.我们急切地想在暴风雨来临前回到酒店。12weather [intransitive] if the weather breaks, it suddenly changes and becomes cold or wet天气骤变，突然变冷或下雨: The following day the weather broke and we had ten days of solid rain.第二天天气骤变，随后连续下了十天大雨。13waves [intransitive] when waves break, they fall onto the land at the edge of the water海浪拍打，冲击水边的陆地: We sat and watched the waves breaking on the shore.我们坐着，看着海浪拍打海岸。14somebody’s voice [intransitive] a)when a boy’s voice breaks, it becomes lower and starts to sound like a man’s voice男孩变声时，声音变低，开始听起来像成年男性的声音: He was fifteen, and his voice was just beginning to break.他十五岁，声音才刚刚开始变声。 b)if your voice breaks, it does not sound smooth because you are feeling strong emotions由于情绪激动，声音变得哽咽，听起来不流畅: Her voice broke as she told us what had happened.她向我们讲述发生的事情时，声音哽咽了。15news a)[intransitive] if news about an important event breaks, it becomes known重要事件的消息传开，被大众所知: News of his resignation broke yesterday.他辞职的消息昨天传开了。 The minister has refused to give any interviews since the scandal broke.自丑闻曝光以来，该部长拒绝接受任何采访。 b)[transitive] if you break unpleasant news to someone, you tell it to them向某人透露令人不快的消息，即告诉他们: I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother.我不知道该怎样把这个消息告诉我母亲。 The doctor finally broke it to me that there was no cure.医生最终告诉我，这种病无药可治。16break a habit to stop doing something that you do regularly, especially something that you should not do戒掉经常做的事情，尤其是不应该做的事情: a new drug which helps smokers to break their habit一种帮助吸烟者戒除烟瘾的新药17break a record to do something even faster or even better than the previous best time, amount etc做得比之前最佳成绩更快或更好: an attempt to break the 10,000-metres world record试图打破一万米世界纪录18break a journey British English to stop somewhere for a short time during a long journey长途旅行途中在某处短暂停留: We decided to break our journey in Oxford.我们决定在牛津途中停留休息。19break somebody’s heart to make someone very unhappy by ending a relationship with them or doing something that upsets them a lot通过结束关系或做令对方非常伤心的事，使其极度痛苦: He broke my heart when he left me.他离开我时，伤透了我的心。 It’ll break your father’s heart if you tell him you’re giving up college.如果你告诉父亲你要放弃大学，他会心碎的。20break a strike to force workers to end a strike强迫工人结束罢工: The government has threatened to bring in the army to break the 10-month-old strike.政府威胁要调兵镇压这场持续十个月的罢工。21break a link/tie/connection to end a relationship with a person or organization与某人或某组织断绝关系: The US has now broken all diplomatic links with the regime.美国已与该政权断绝了所有外交往来。 Sometimes it is necessary to break family ties in order to protect the child.有时为了保护孩子，有必要切断家庭纽带。22 break the skin to cut the skin on your body划破身体皮肤: Their teeth are sharp enough to break the skin.它们的牙齿足够锋利，能刺破皮肤。23break the back of something to finish the main or worst part of something完成某事最主要或最艰难的部分: I think we’ve broken the back of the job now.我想我们现在已经完成了这项工作最艰难的部分。24break the bank to cost a lot of money, or more money than you have花费大量金钱，或超出自己的承受能力: A new hard drive doesn’t have to break the bank.买一块新硬盘不必花大价钱。25break somebody’s concentration to interrupt someone and stop them from being able to continue thinking or talking about something打断某人，使其无法继续思考或谈论某事: The slightest sound would break his concentration.最轻微的声音都会打断他的注意力。26break the silence to end a period of silence by talking or making a noise通过说话或制造声音来打破沉默: The silence was broken by a loud scream.一声大喊打破了寂静。27break somebody’s spirit to destroy someone’s feeling of determination摧毁某人的斗志: They could not break her spirit.他们无法摧毁她的斗志。 The spirit of our soldiers will never be broken.我们士兵的斗志永远不会被摧毁。28break somebody’s power to take away someone’s position of power or control剥夺某人的权力或控制地位: At last the power of the Church had been broken.教会的权力终于被打破了。29break the ice informal非正式 to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other使人们感到更加融洽，愿意互相交谈: Sam’s arrival broke the ice and people began to talk and laugh.Sam的到来打破了僵局，人们开始谈笑风生。30 break a code to succeed in understanding something that is written in a secret way成功破译以秘密方式编写的内容: Scientists worked day and night to break the code.科学家们日夜工作，试图破解密码。31break wind to allow gas to escape from your bottom, making a noise and an unpleasant smell从臀部排出气体，发出声音和令人不快的气味32break (somebody’s) serve to win a game in tennis when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first在网球比赛中，在对方发球局获胜: Hewitt broke serve twice in the second set.休伊特在第二盘两度破发成功。33break a leg spoken口语 used to wish someone luck, especially just before they perform on stage用于祝某人好运，尤指在其上台表演前GRAMMAR语法Break belongs to a group of verbs where the same noun can be the subject of the verb or its object."break"属于一类动词，同一名词既可以作该动词的主语，也可以作其宾语。• You can say: · I broke a glass. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the object of break.• 你可以说：· I broke a glass.（我打碎了一个玻璃杯。）在这个句子中，"a glass"是 break 的宾语。• You can also say: · A glass broke. In this sentence, ‘a glass’ is the subject of break.Grammar guide ‒ VERBS• 你也可以说：· A glass broke.（一个玻璃杯碎了。）在这个句子中，"a glass"是 break 的主语。语法指南——动词COLLOCATIONS词语搭配– Meaning 5– 释义 5break + NOUNbreak + 名词break your promise· I’ll never forgive him for breaking his promise to me.· 我永远不会原谅他对我食言。break your word (=break your promise)· I’ve promised to do it and I never break my word.· 我已承诺要做这件事，我从不食言。break your vow (=break a serious or formal promise)· He accused her of breaking her marriage vows.· 他指责她违背了婚姻誓言。break (off) your engagement· In the end she decided to break their engagement.· 最终她决定解除婚约。break a contract· He took the company to court for breaking the contract.· 他将该公司告上法庭，指控其违约。break an agreement· This action broke the international agreement of 1925.· 这一行为违反了1925年的国际协议。THESAURUS同义词辨析to break something打破某物break verb [transitive] to damage something and make it separate into pieces, for example by dropping it or hitting it损坏某物并使其碎裂成片，例如通过摔落或击打: · Careful you don’t break the chair.· 小心别把椅子弄坏。· He broke his leg.· 他腿骨折了。smash verb [transitive] to break something with a lot of force用很大的力气打碎某物: · A policeman smashed his camera.· 一名警察砸碎了他的相机。snap verb [transitive] to break something into two pieces, making a loud noise – used especially about long thin objects将某物折断成两段，发出很大声音——尤指细长物体: · He snapped the sticks in two.· 他把树枝折断成两段。split verb [transitive] to separate something into two pieces along a straight line沿直线将某物分成两半: · Using a sharp knife, split the melon in half.· 用锋利的刀将甜瓜切成两半。fracture verb [transitive] to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface损伤骨骼，尤指使其表面出现裂纹: · I fell over and fractured my wrist.· 我摔倒后手腕骨裂了。tear /teə $ ter/ verb [transitive] to damage paper or cloth by pulling it so that it separates into pieces通过撕拉使纸张或布料破损成片: · She tore up the letter and put it in the bin.· 她将信撕碎后扔进了垃圾桶。· I tore my jacket.· 我把夹克撕破了。to become broken断裂，破损break verb [intransitive] to become damaged and separate into pieces受损并碎裂成片: · Plastic breaks quite easily.· 塑料很容易断裂。smash verb [intransitive] to break after being hit with a lot of force受到重击后碎裂: · The bowl smashed as it hit the floor.· 碗落地时摔得粉碎。shatter verb [intransitive] to break into a lot of small pieces碎裂成许多小片: · The glass shattered all over the pavement.· 玻璃碎片散落在人行道上。crack verb [intransitive] if something cracks, a line appears on the surface, which means that it could later break into separate pieces如果某物出现裂纹，其表面产生一道裂缝，意味着以后可能会碎裂成块: · The ice was starting to crack.· 冰开始裂开了。burst verb [intransitive] if a tyre, balloon, pipe etc bursts, it gets a hole and air or liquid suddenly comes out of it如果轮胎、气球、管道等爆裂，则会出现一个破口，空气或液体突然喷出: · She blew up the balloon until it burst.· 她把气球吹得爆了。split verb [intransitive] to break in a straight line沿直线裂开: · The damp had caused the wood to split.· 潮湿使木头裂开了。crumble verb [intransitive] to break into a powder or a lot of small pieces碎裂成粉末或许多小碎片: · The cork just crumbled in my hand.· 软木塞在我手里碎掉了。break away phrasal verb1to leave a group or political party and form another group, usually because of a disagreement脱离某个团体或政党，另立新团体，通常因为意见分歧: More than 30 Labour MPs broke away to form a new left-wing party.逾三十名工党议员脱党，另组一个新的左翼政党。break away from They broke away from the national union and set up their own local organization.他们脱离全国工会，成立了自己的地方组织。 → breakaway22to leave your home, family, or job and become independent离开家庭、家人或工作，走向独立break away from I felt the need to break away from home.我感到需要离开家，独立生活。3to move away from someone who is holding you挣脱抓住自己的人: She started crying and tried to break away.她开始哭泣，并试图挣脱。break away from She broke away from him and ran to the door.她挣脱了他，跑向门口。4to move away from other people in a race or game在比赛或竞技中甩开其他人: Radcliffe broke away 200 metres before the finish.拉德克利夫在距终点200米时甩开了对手。5to become loose and no longer attached to something脱落，不再与某物相连: Part of the plane’s wing had broken away.飞机机翼的一部分断裂脱落了。break down phrasal verb1if a car or machine breaks down, it stops working汽车或机器发生故障，停止运转: The car broke down just north of Paris.汽车在巴黎正北方抛锚了。 The printing machines are always breaking down.印刷机器总是出故障。 → breakdown2to fail or stop working in a successful way失败或停止顺利运转: Negotiations broke down after only two days.谈判仅两天后就陷入僵局。 I left London when my marriage broke down.婚姻破裂后，我离开了伦敦。 → breakdown3 break something ↔ down if you break down a door, you hit it so hard that it breaks and falls to the ground将门撞开，用力击打使其破裂倒地: Police had to break down the door to get into the flat.警察不得不破门而入公寓。4 break something ↔ down to change or remove something that prevents people from working together and having a successful relationship with each other改变或消除阻碍人们合作和建立良好关系的事物: Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them.让年轻人聚在一起有助于打破彼此之间的隔阂。 It takes a long time to break down prejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。5if a substance breaks down, or something breaks it down, it changes as a result of a chemical process某种物质分解，或被某物分解，因化学过程而发生变化break something ↔ down Food is broken down in the stomach.食物在胃中被分解。 Bacteria are added to help break down the sewage.加入细菌以帮助分解污水。6to be unable to stop yourself crying, especially in public忍不住哭泣，尤指当众失声痛哭: He broke down and cried.他情绪崩溃，哭了起来。 She broke down in tears when she heard the news.她听到消息后情绪崩溃，泪流满面。7 break something ↔ down to separate something into smaller parts so that it is easier to do or understand将某事物分解成更小的部分，以便更容易操作或理解: He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily.他先给我们展示了整套舞蹈，然后将其分解，以便我们更容易学习。 The question can be broken down into two parts.这个问题可以分解成两个部分。 → breakdownbreak for something phrasal verb to suddenly run towards something, especially in order to escape from someone突然向某处跑去，尤指为了逃脱某人: He broke for the door, but the guards got there before he did.他朝门口冲去，但警卫比他先到了那里。break in phrasal verb1to enter a building by using force, in order to steal something强行闯入建筑物以便盗窃: Thieves broke in and stole £10,000 worth of computer equipment.窃贼闯入后盗走了价值一万英镑的电脑设备。 → break-in2to interrupt someone when they are speaking打断某人的讲话break in on I didn’t want to break in on his telephone conversation.我不想打断他的电话交谈。break in with Dad would occasionally break in with an amusing comment.爸爸偶尔会插嘴说上一句有趣的话。3 break something ↔ in to make new shoes or boots less stiff and more comfortable by wearing them通过穿着使新鞋或新靴子变得不那么硬，更加舒适: I went for a walk to break in my new boots.我去散步，把新靴子穿开了。4 break somebody in to help a person get used to a certain way of behaving or working帮助某人适应某种行为或工作方式: She’s quite new to the job, so we’re still breaking her in.她对这份工作还很陌生，所以我们还在帮她适应。5break something ↔ in to teach a young horse to carry people on its back训练幼马让人骑乘: We break the horses in when they’re about two years old.我们在马约两岁时开始驯马。break into something phrasal verb1to enter a building or car by using force, in order to steal something强行闯入建筑物或汽车以便盗窃: Someone broke into my car and stole the radio.有人砸开我的车，偷走了收音机。 Her house was broken into last week.她家上周遭到入室盗窃。2to become involved in a new job or business activity涉足新的工作或商业领域: She made an attempt to break into journalism.她尝试进入新闻行业。 It’s a profession that is very hard to break into.这是一个很难打入的行业。 Many British firms have failed in their attempts to break into the American market.许多英国企业试图打入美国市场，但均以失败告终。3to start to spend money that you did not want to spend开始动用原本不想花的钱: I don’t want to break into my savings unless I have to.我不想动用储蓄，除非迫不得已。4break into a run/trot etc to suddenly start running突然开始奔跑: He broke into a run as he came round the corner.他转过拐角后突然跑了起来。5break into a smile/a song/applause etc to suddenly start smiling, singing etc突然开始微笑、唱歌等: Her face broke into a smile.她脸上绽开了笑容。 The audience broke into loud applause.观众爆发出热烈的掌声。break somebody of something phrasal verb to make someone stop having a bad habit使某人改掉坏习惯: Try to break yourself of the habit of eating between meals.试着戒掉在正餐之间吃零食的习惯。break off phrasal verb1to suddenly stop talking突然停止说话: She started to speak, then broke off while a waitress served us coffee.她刚开始说话，就在一名女服务员为我们上咖啡时中断了。 He broke off in mid-sentence to shake hands with the new arrivals.他说到一半，停下来与新到的人握手。break something ↔ off I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.我中断了谈话，去接了电话。2 break something ↔ off to end a relationship结束一段关系: She broke off their engagement only a few weeks before they were due to be married.她在他们预定婚礼前仅几周便解除了婚约。 The US has broken off diplomatic relations with the regime.美国已与该政权断绝外交关系。3if something breaks off, or if you break it off, it comes loose and is no longer attached to something else某物脱落，或被折断，与其他物体分离: One of the car’s wing mirrors had broken off.汽车的一面后视镜断掉了。break something ↔ off He broke off a piece of bread.他掰下一块面包。break out phrasal verb1if something unpleasant such as a fire, fight, or war breaks out, it starts to happen如果火灾、斗殴或战争等不愉快的事件爆发，就是指其开始发生: I was still living in London when the war broke out.战争爆发时，我还住在伦敦。 Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?如果发生火灾，大家都知道该怎么做吗？ Fighting broke out between demonstrators and the police.示威者与警察之间爆发了冲突。 → outbreak2to escape from a prison从监狱越狱break out of Three men have broken out of a top-security jail.三名男子从一所戒备森严的监狱越狱逃脱。 → breakout3to change the way you live because you feel bored因感到无聊而改变生活方式break out of She felt the need to break out of her daily routine.她感到需要打破日常的生活常规。4break out in spots/a rash/a sweat etc if you break out in spots etc, they appear on your skin如果皮肤爆出斑点等，就是指它们出现在皮肤上: I broke out in a painful rash.我皮肤上起了令人疼痛的皮疹。 My whole body broke out in a sweat.我全身冒出了汗。break through phrasal verb1 break through (something) to manage to get past or through something that is in your way设法越过或穿过阻碍自己的事物: Several demonstrators broke through the barriers despite warnings from the police.几名示威者不顾警方警告，冲破了路障。 After hours of fierce fighting, rebels broke through and captured the capital.经过数小时激战，反叛军突破防线，攻占了首都。2 break through (something) if the sun breaks through, you can see it when you could not see it before because there were clouds阳光穿透云层，原本被云遮住的太阳变得可见: The sun broke through at around lunch time.太阳在午饭前后穿破云层出现了。 The sun soon broke through the mist.太阳很快穿破了薄雾。3to manage to do something successfully when there is a difficulty that is preventing you在困难阻碍下仍设法成功做到某事: He’s a very talented young actor who’s just ready to break through.他是一位非常有才华的年轻演员，即将崭露头角。break through into It is possible that at this election some of the minority parties might succeed in breaking through into parliament.此次选举中，一些少数党有可能成功跻身议会。 → breakthroughbreak up phrasal verb1if something breaks up, or if you break it up, it breaks into a lot of small pieces某物碎裂成许多小块，或被弄碎成许多小块: It seems that the plane just broke up in the air.飞机似乎就在空中解体了。break something ↔ up Use a fork to break up the soil.用叉子把土壤松开。2 break something ↔ up to separate something into several smaller parts将某物分割成几个较小的部分: There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.有计划将该公司拆分成几家较小的独立公司。 You need a few trees and bushes to break up the lawn.你需要几棵树木和灌木来打破草坪的单调感。3 break something ↔ up to stop a fight制止打架: Three policemen were needed to break up the fight.需要三名警察才能制止这场斗殴。4break something ↔ up to make people leave a place where they have been meeting or protesting驱散聚集或抗议的人群: Government soldiers broke up the demonstration.政府军队驱散了示威活动。 Police moved in to break up the meeting.警察介入驱散了这次集会。5if a marriage, group of people, or relationship breaks up, the people in it separate and do not live or work together anymore婚姻、团体或关系破裂，相关人员分离，不再共同生活或共事: He lost his job and his marriage broke up.他失业了，婚姻也随之破裂。 The couple broke up last year.这对情侣去年分手了。 Many bands break up because of personality clashes between the musicians.许多乐队因乐手之间的性格冲突而解散。break up with Has Sam really broken up with Lucy?Sam真的和Lucy分手了吗？ → breakup6if a meeting or party breaks up, people start to leave会议或聚会结束，人们开始离去: The party didn’t break up until after midnight.派对在午夜过后才散场。 The meeting broke up without any agreement.会议在没有达成任何协议的情况下散会。7 British English when a school breaks up, it closes for a holiday学校放假时，关闭休息: School breaks up next week.学校下周放假。break up for When do you break up for Easter?你们什么时候放复活节假？8 break somebody up American English informal非正式 to make someone laugh by saying or doing something funny通过说有趣的话或做有趣的事逗某人发笑: He breaks me up!他把我逗得哈哈大笑！break with somebody/something phrasal verb1to leave a group of people or an organization, especially because you have had a disagreement with them脱离某个团体或组织，尤指因意见分歧: She had broken with her family years ago.她多年前就与家人决裂了。 They broke with the Communist Party and set up a new party.他们脱离共产党，成立了一个新政党。2break with tradition/the past to stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way不再遵循旧习惯，以全新的方式行事: Now is the time to break with the past.现在是与过去决裂的时候了。 His work broke with tradition in many ways.他的作品在许多方面突破了传统。breakbreak2 noun 1stop working [countable] a period of time when you stop working in order to rest, eat etc暂时停止工作以便休息、进食等的一段时间: We’ll have a short break for lunch, then start again at two o'clock.我们午餐短暂休息一下，然后两点继续开始。 Let’s take a ten-minute break.我们休息十分钟吧。 We’d worked for ten hours without a break.我们连续工作了十个小时，没有休息。 I’ll go shopping during my lunch break.我会在午休时去购物。2stop doing something [countable] a period of time when you stop doing something before you start again暂时停止某项活动后再重新开始的一段时间break from I wanted a break from university life.我想暂时离开大学生活休息一下。 She decided to take a career break when she had children.她决定有了孩子后暂时中止职业生涯。break in a welcome break in my normal routine日常生活中令人欣慰的一次休整3holiday [countable] a short holiday短假；小假期: I was beginning to feel that I needed a break.我开始感到需要休息一下。 We flew off for a week’s break in Spain.我们飞往西班牙度过了一周的短假。 They’re offering weekend breaks in Paris for only £100.他们提供仅需一百英镑的巴黎周末短途旅行。the Easter/Christmas etc break Are you looking forward to the summer break?你期待暑假吗？4at school [uncountable] the time during the school day when classes stop and teachers and students can rest, eat, play etc学校日中课程暂停，教师和学生可以休息、吃东西、玩耍等的时间at break I’ll speak to you at break.我会在课间和你说话。 They get together with their friends at break time.他们在课间休息时与朋友聚在一起。5on tv [countable] a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme电视或广播节目中插播广告的间隙: Join us again after the break.广告过后请继续收看。 We’ll be back with more after a short break.短暂广告后我们将继续。6something stops happening [countable] a period of time when something stops happening before it starts again某事暂停后再次开始前的一段时间；间隙break in We’ll go for a walk if there’s a break in the rain.如果雨停了，我们就去散步。 Latecomers will be admitted at a suitable break in the performance.迟到者将在演出适当间歇时获准入场。 She waited for a break in the conversation.她等待着谈话的间隙。 There was no sign of a break in the weather (=an improvement in bad weather).天气没有好转的迹象（即恶劣天气没有改善的迹象）。7end a relationship [singular] a time when you leave a person or group, or end a relationship with someone离开某人或某团体，或与某人结束关系的时刻: I wanted a clean break so that I could restart my life.我想彻底决裂，以便重新开始自己的生活。 It was years before I plucked up enough courage to make the break and leave him.多年之后，我才鼓起足够的勇气下定决心离开他。break with He was beginning to regret his break with the Labour Party.他开始后悔自己与工党决裂了。8space/hole [countable] a space or hole in something某物上的缝隙或孔洞break in We crawled through a break in the hedge.我们爬过篱笆上的一个缺口。 The sun shone through a break in the clouds.阳光穿过云隙照射下来。9chance [countable] informal非正式 a sudden or unexpected chance to do something that allows you to become successful in your job突然或意外的机会，让你在工作中获得成功: There are hundreds of young musicians out there looking for their first break.有数百名年轻音乐家正在寻找自己的第一次机遇。 He got his first big break in 1998.他在1998年获得了第一次重大机遇。 a lucky break一次幸运的机遇10bones [countable] the place where a bone in your body has broken身体某块骨头的骨折处: It’s quite a bad break, which will take several months to heal.这是相当严重的骨折，需要数月才能愈合。11tennis [countable] a situation in a game of tennis in which you win a game when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first网球比赛中对方发球局你赢得该局的情况；破发: She really needs a break of serve now if she wants to win this match.如果她想赢得这场比赛，现在确实需要破掉对方的发球局。12snooker [countable] the number of points that a player wins when it is their turn to hit the ball in a game such as snooker斯诺克等比赛中，球员轮流击球时获得的连续得分数13break with tradition/the past a time when people stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way人们不再遵循旧习俗，以全新方式做事的时刻: It is time for a complete break with the past.是时候彻底与过去决裂了。14make a break for something to suddenly start running towards something in order to escape from a place突然朝某处奔跑以便逃脱某个地方: As soon as the guard’s back was turned, they made a break for the door.警卫一转身，他们就朝门口冲去。 Two of the prisoners made a break for it but were soon recaptured.两名囚犯趁机逃跑，但很快被重新抓获。15give me/it a break! spoken口语 used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you用于要求某人停止令人恼怒的行为或言语16give somebody a break spoken口语 to stop being strict with someone so that a situation becomes easier for them不再对某人严格要求，使其处境变得更容易: Give the kid a break. It’s only his second day on the job.给这孩子一些宽容吧，他才第二天上班呢。17the break of day literary文学 the time early in the morning when it starts getting light清晨开始天亮的时刻；破晓COLLOCATIONS词语搭配verbs动词have/take a break· After two hours, she took a break and switched on the radio.· 两个小时后，她休息了一下，打开了收音机。need a break· I’m sorry, I can’t do any more - I need a break.· 对不起，我没法再继续了——我需要休息一下。ADJECTIVES/NOUN + break形容词/名词 + breaka short/quick break· Shall we have a quick five-minute break?· 我们来个五分钟的小休息怎么样？a lunch break· What time’s your lunch break?· 你的午休是什么时候？a coffee/tea break· How about a coffee break?· 来个咖啡休息时间怎么样？a morning/afternoon break· I don’t usually have time for a morning break.· 我通常没有时间在上午休息。a well-earned break (=one that you deserve)· Everyone’s looking forward to a well-earned break when the exams are over.· 考试结束后，大家都期待着那来之不易的休息时光。
1stop working [countable] a period of time when you stop working in order to rest, eat etc暂时停止工作以便休息、进食等的一段时间: We’ll have a short break for lunch, then start again at two o'clock.我们午餐短暂休息一下，然后两点继续开始。 Let’s take a ten-minute break.我们休息十分钟吧。 We’d worked for ten hours without a break.我们连续工作了十个小时，没有休息。 I’ll go shopping during my lunch break.我会在午休时去购物。2stop doing something [countable] a period of time when you stop doing something before you start again暂时停止某项活动后再重新开始的一段时间break from I wanted a break from university life.我想暂时离开大学生活休息一下。 She decided to take a career break when she had children.她决定有了孩子后暂时中止职业生涯。break in a welcome break in my normal routine日常生活中令人欣慰的一次休整3holiday [countable] a short holiday短假；小假期: I was beginning to feel that I needed a break.我开始感到需要休息一下。 We flew off for a week’s break in Spain.我们飞往西班牙度过了一周的短假。 They’re offering weekend breaks in Paris for only £100.他们提供仅需一百英镑的巴黎周末短途旅行。the Easter/Christmas etc break Are you looking forward to the summer break?你期待暑假吗？4at school [uncountable] the time during the school day when classes stop and teachers and students can rest, eat, play etc学校日中课程暂停，教师和学生可以休息、吃东西、玩耍等的时间at break I’ll speak to you at break.我会在课间和你说话。 They get together with their friends at break time.他们在课间休息时与朋友聚在一起。5on tv [countable] a pause for advertisements during a television or radio programme电视或广播节目中插播广告的间隙: Join us again after the break.广告过后请继续收看。 We’ll be back with more after a short break.短暂广告后我们将继续。6something stops happening [countable] a period of time when something stops happening before it starts again某事暂停后再次开始前的一段时间；间隙break in We’ll go for a walk if there’s a break in the rain.如果雨停了，我们就去散步。 Latecomers will be admitted at a suitable break in the performance.迟到者将在演出适当间歇时获准入场。 She waited for a break in the conversation.她等待着谈话的间隙。 There was no sign of a break in the weather (=an improvement in bad weather).天气没有好转的迹象（即恶劣天气没有改善的迹象）。7end a relationship [singular] a time when you leave a person or group, or end a relationship with someone离开某人或某团体，或与某人结束关系的时刻: I wanted a clean break so that I could restart my life.我想彻底决裂，以便重新开始自己的生活。 It was years before I plucked up enough courage to make the break and leave him.多年之后，我才鼓起足够的勇气下定决心离开他。break with He was beginning to regret his break with the Labour Party.他开始后悔自己与工党决裂了。8space/hole [countable] a space or hole in something某物上的缝隙或孔洞break in We crawled through a break in the hedge.我们爬过篱笆上的一个缺口。 The sun shone through a break in the clouds.阳光穿过云隙照射下来。9chance [countable] informal非正式 a sudden or unexpected chance to do something that allows you to become successful in your job突然或意外的机会，让你在工作中获得成功: There are hundreds of young musicians out there looking for their first break.有数百名年轻音乐家正在寻找自己的第一次机遇。 He got his first big break in 1998.他在1998年获得了第一次重大机遇。 a lucky break一次幸运的机遇10bones [countable] the place where a bone in your body has broken身体某块骨头的骨折处: It’s quite a bad break, which will take several months to heal.这是相当严重的骨折，需要数月才能愈合。11tennis [countable] a situation in a game of tennis in which you win a game when your opponent is starting the game by hitting the ball first网球比赛中对方发球局你赢得该局的情况；破发: She really needs a break of serve now if she wants to win this match.如果她想赢得这场比赛，现在确实需要破掉对方的发球局。12snooker [countable] the number of points that a player wins when it is their turn to hit the ball in a game such as snooker斯诺克等比赛中，球员轮流击球时获得的连续得分数13break with tradition/the past a time when people stop following old customs and do something in a completely different way人们不再遵循旧习俗，以全新方式做事的时刻: It is time for a complete break with the past.是时候彻底与过去决裂了。14make a break for something to suddenly start running towards something in order to escape from a place突然朝某处奔跑以便逃脱某个地方: As soon as the guard’s back was turned, they made a break for the door.警卫一转身，他们就朝门口冲去。 Two of the prisoners made a break for it but were soon recaptured.两名囚犯趁机逃跑，但很快被重新抓获。15give me/it a break! spoken口语 used when you want someone to stop doing or saying something that is annoying you用于要求某人停止令人恼怒的行为或言语16give somebody a break spoken口语 to stop being strict with someone so that a situation becomes easier for them不再对某人严格要求，使其处境变得更容易: Give the kid a break. It’s only his second day on the job.给这孩子一些宽容吧，他才第二天上班呢。17the break of day literary文学 the time early in the morning when it starts getting light清晨开始天亮的时刻；破晓COLLOCATIONS词语搭配verbs动词have/take a break· After two hours, she took a break and switched on the radio.· 两个小时后，她休息了一下，打开了收音机。need a break· I’m sorry, I can’t do any more - I need a break.· 对不起，我没法再继续了——我需要休息一下。ADJECTIVES/NOUN + break形容词/名词 + breaka short/quick break· Shall we have a quick five-minute break?· 我们来个五分钟的小休息怎么样？a lunch break· What time’s your lunch break?· 你的午休是什么时候？a coffee/tea break· How about a coffee break?· 来个咖啡休息时间怎么样？a morning/afternoon break· I don’t usually have time for a morning break.· 我通常没有时间在上午休息。a well-earned break (=one that you deserve)· Everyone’s looking forward to a well-earned break when the exams are over.· 考试结束后，大家都期待着那来之不易的休息时光。